A geared motor is a motor with a speed reducer or gearhead added to the output end to reduce the motor speed and increase the torque. The speed reducer affects the overall output torque, noise and accuracy of the geared motor.
Gear motors are frequently used for position control, typically in packaging equipment or for gripping materials and placing them in designated locations, as well as in high-precision manufacturing or liquid dispensing. The specific requirements of the application will determine the precision of the gear motor. For example, a lower-precision gear motor is sufficient for a robotic arm to place a box onto a pallet, while high-precision position control may only allow for errors of a few micrometers.
In fact, all types of geared motors can be used for position control; the accuracy requirement is the basis for our selection of the reduction mechanism.
The culprit affecting accuracy is the backlash or lag in the gearbox.
If positional accuracy is critical for your application, then you should try to reduce the backlash of the gearbox. There are many manufacturing methods to reduce backlash, such as adding preload or using high-precision gears.
Using high-precision gears requires manufacturers to control all gear dimensions within extremely small tolerances. This ensures that all gears fit together tightly, resulting in minimal tooth clearance and reduced backlash. Naturally, high-precision gears are significantly more expensive than ordinary gears.
Another method is to apply a preload to the gears, usually by adding a spring to the mechanical structure to keep the teeth tightly meshed, thus achieving low backlash. However, this method can usually only achieve high-precision position control when operating in a single direction.
The accuracy of a speed reducer decreases with increasing operating time, especially for high-precision gears. Prolonged use can lead to gear wear, which in turn increases the clearance between gears.
Of course, the design of the reduction gear can also affect the return time; for example, a harmonic reducer can achieve zero return time. Return time is generally measured in arcminutes, but can also be measured in degrees (°).
1° = 60 Arcminute
The gearbox sample usually indicates this, and the more gearbox stages there are, the greater the backflow rate.
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