Two automation systems are the preferred choices for customers moving goods/pallets: Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs). AGVs have been around for a long time, and their functionality and technology have improved significantly over time, while AMRs are gradually gaining attention.
However, for companies that not only want automation but also want to improve productivity by retraining operators to perform more value-added tasks, full load handling capacity and adaptability are essential. Therefore, AGVs are a very attractive option.
But how are they different from AMRs?
Load processing capacity
AGVs and AMRs differ in their load transfer capabilities and types of deployment. AGVs can be used for pallet loads in both horizontal and vertical applications, while AMRs can only be used for floor movement.
While AMRs are flexible and versatile, they aren't entirely efficient if you need to store/retrieve pallets from high racks. Another factor to consider is the maximum load weight; AMRs are generally effective and feasible for loads under 200kg. For moving loads exceeding 200kg, AGVs are the best choice, as they can safely handle loads up to 2000kg.
Dual mode
Another key difference between AGVs and AMRs is controllability. Today's AGV suppliers offer dual-mode options. This allows you to take over the robot at any time and manually drive it when needed, then switch it back to autonomous mode. AMRs can be controlled based on their movements, but they will retain the option of being autonomous or "following a human." Therefore, this flexibility is recommended when defining your project.
Infrastructure requirements
Many AMR requirements are driven by the fact that they require zero installation or prerequisites. With advanced navigation technologies, their missions are easier to configure, and they typically follow free routes.
Today, modern robot suppliers are also able to extend this technology to AGVs, which use advanced navigation systems (such as SLAM) that use existing maps created within the system for real-time localization. This eliminates the need for any infrastructure and can be matched by the ease of installation of AMRs.
Although specific paths need to be defined for pick-up/place-down operations, modern AGVs can calculate the best possible routes, thereby improving efficiency and throughput.
flexibility
A key consideration is the flexibility of both systems. On the ground, both AGVs and AMRs offer flexibility in defining their operations.
However, AMRs typically perform best with a large number of SKUs. Since the primary function of an AMR is to reduce travel time and allow operators to focus on other tasks, it relies on a higher number of SKUs to achieve significant results.
in conclusion
AGVs are more traditional, with years of development experience. AMRs are faster to install and better suited for lighter loads. AGVs are robust and can handle higher and larger loads. Both solutions differ, but share a common goal: automating warehouse processes. Therefore, careful selection of the appropriate solution is crucial when defining your project. If your business scope is broader, AGVs are your best choice.
