1. Magnetic strip navigation
Magnetic strip navigation is a relatively mature navigation technology at present. Its main application is to lay magnetic strips on the operating path of a transport robot. The intelligent robot then uses electromagnetic field data signals along the path to obtain the error between itself and the target tracking path. After precise and reasonable calculation and measurement, the robot completes the navigation work of the transport.
Compared to other navigation technologies, magnetic strip navigation has advantages such as low cost, mature technology, and accurate and reliable positioning. Disadvantages include the corresponding preparation work, requiring installation and setup along the operating route, incurring labor and time costs; the magnetic strips are easily lost; and if the working route changes, the magnetic strips laid along the route also need to be changed; as well as high maintenance costs.
2. Magnetic nail navigation
The principle of magnetic nail navigation is to find the location and travel path by receiving magnetic data signals from magnetic nails through navigation sensors. The distance between magnetic nails cannot be too large, and when there are two magnetic nails, the handling robot will be in the encoder calculation state.
The commonly used modules for magnetic nail navigation are almost identical to those for magnetic strip navigation. The advantages of magnetic nail navigation include low cost, mature technology, aesthetically pleasing and easily concealed magnetic nails, strong anti-interference capabilities, and wear resistance, making it suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications. The disadvantages of magnetic nail navigation include the need for extensive preparation work, the requirement for secondary route paving when changing the operating route, and the potential for road surface damage during installation.
3. Slam laser navigation
SLAM laser navigation is currently the most advanced navigation technology used in intelligent handling robots. This technology primarily utilizes a two-dimensional laser scanner to accurately measure the current environment and create a navigation map. Even without information about the surrounding environment, the intelligent handling robot can familiarize itself with its surroundings using its sensors and construct an environmental topography map.
Compared to other navigation technologies, SLAM laser navigation has the advantages of not requiring ground construction, making it convenient for businesses and facilitating future route changes. It also boasts strong sensing capabilities, adapts well to the environment, and can instantly avoid obstacles. Furthermore, it offers advantages such as simple installation and short installation time. The disadvantages of SLAM laser navigation include less precise positioning, a tendency to lose accuracy in complex terrain, and greater susceptibility to environmental influences.
