1. Secondary batteries that do not use lithium metal
A secondary battery that does not use metallic lithium employs an embedded lithium material as the negative electrode, also known as a lithium-ion negative electrode, which, together with the intercalated positive electrode, constitutes a lithium-ion battery. During charging and discharging, lithium ions reversibly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. Because there is no metallic lithium, the battery's cycle performance and safety performance are improved.
2. Digitalized lithium-ion batteries
Digital lithium-ion batteries feature high voltage, high specific energy, long cycle life, short charging time, abundant raw materials, and safe use.
3. Polymer lithium batteries
Lithium-polymer (Li-polymer) batteries use polymer materials as the positive electrode and lithium metal as the negative electrode, allowing for higher energy density. Structurally, they are thinner, with a thickness of approximately 2–4 mm and a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm, and can be made in any area, shape, and capacity. Their weight, energy, and density are more than 50% higher than current lithium-ion batteries. Regarding reliability, because the electrolyte also uses polymer materials, there are no safety concerns such as leakage, combustion, or explosion.
