I. Basic Requirements for Solar Cell Modules
1. It can provide sufficient mechanical strength to enable solar cell modules to withstand the stress caused by impacts and vibrations during transportation, installation, and use, and to withstand the impact force of hail;
2. It has excellent sealing properties, preventing wind, water, and corrosion of solar cells under atmospheric conditions;
3. It has good electrical insulation properties;
4. Strong resistance to ultraviolet rays;
5. The operating voltage and output power are designed according to different requirements, and multiple wiring methods can be provided to meet different voltage, current and power output requirements;
6. The efficiency loss caused by the series and parallel combination of solar cells is small;
7. The solar cell connections are reliable;
8. Long service life: The solar cell modules are required to last for more than 20 years under natural conditions;
9. Under the aforementioned conditions, the packaging cost should be as low as possible.
II. Technical Characteristics and Installation Requirements of Solar Cell Modules
1. A solar cell array consists of one or more solar cell modules. If there is more than one module, the current and voltage of the modules should be basically the same to reduce losses from series and parallel connections.
2. Determine the total power of the solar cell array based on local solar radiation parameters and load characteristics; determine the number of modules connected in series and parallel in the solar cell array based on the voltage and current requirements of the designed system.
3. The solar panel array support structure is used to support the solar panels. The structural design of the solar panel array must ensure a secure and reliable connection between the panels and the support structure, and allow for easy replacement of the solar panels. The solar panel array and its support structure must be able to withstand wind speeds of up to 120 km/h without damage.
4. The support frame can be tilted at an adjustable angle or installed at a fixed angle so that the solar array can generate the maximum power during the design month (i.e. the month with the worst average daily radiation).
5. All fasteners for the solar array must be strong enough to reliably secure the solar panels to the array support. Solar arrays can be installed on rooftops, but the array support must be connected to the main structure of the building, not to the roofing material.
6. For ground-mounted solar arrays, the minimum distance between the solar panels and the ground must be at least 0.3 m. The base of the support column must be firmly connected to the foundation to withstand the weight of the solar array and the designed wind speed.
7. For portable low-power power supplies, the solar panel should be equipped with a bracket to ensure reliable placement.
