Working principle of solar power lighting system
The working principle of a centralized controllable solar power generation and lighting system: Under sunlight, the electrical energy generated by the solar photovoltaic modules charges the battery bank through the system controller and the battery overcharge protection control port. The inverter, grid connection switch, mains power grid, and mains switch are the components connecting the system to the mains power grid. In special circumstances such as insufficient sunlight or insufficient battery power, the mains power grid directly charges the battery. Simultaneously, the design also includes the possibility of supplying power to the mains power grid from the battery's surplus energy; however, this power supply method is not yet implemented.
The lamp group connection control port uses a common microcontroller or other devices with computing and control functions. The power output from the battery group port passes through the over-discharge, overload, and short-circuit protection controller port, and then through the system controller's lamp group connection control port and constant voltage/constant current light source control port to power the energy-saving light source, enabling the energy-saving light source to change its brightness and color according to actual needs.
Basic functions of solar-powered lighting systems
The entire centralized and controllable solar power generation and lighting system has the following basic functions:
1. The battery is protected against overcharging and reverse charging;
2. The battery is protected against over-discharge and reverse discharge;
3. The battery is protected against short circuits and reverse connection;
4. Provide load balancing functionality;
5. Provide users/operators with the system's operating status;
6. Control changes in lighting (time-based changes, color changes, brightness changes, etc.).
7. Provides control interface backup and control port connection functions;
8. It can provide surplus electrical energy from the entire system to auxiliary loads for consumption;
9. Connect to the municipal power grid;
10. Lightning protection and grounding protection function;
11. The system's control functions can be increased or decreased according to the customer's actual lighting needs;
12. Control the self-dissipation current to be less than 1% of the rated operating current;
13. The voltage drop in the control loop is less than 5% of the system voltage.
