Controller: A master control device that can change the wiring of the main circuit or control circuit and change the resistance value in the circuit according to a predetermined sequence to control the starting, speed regulation, braking and reversing of the motor.
Controlled object: Generally refers to the equipment or process being controlled, such as the control of reactors, distillation equipment, or heat transfer and combustion processes. From a quantitative analysis and design perspective, the controlled object is only a part of the factors affecting the input and output parameters of the controlled equipment or process, not the entirety of the equipment.
Actuator: Uses liquid, gas, electricity or other energy and converts it into driving force through an electric motor, cylinder or other device.
Transmitters: Their function is to detect process parameters and transmit the measured values in a specific signal form for display and regulation. In automatic detection and control systems, their role is to transform various process parameters, such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, liquid level, and composition, into unified standard signals, which are then transmitted to controllers and indicating recorders for adjustment, indication, and recording.
Three major development directions of automatic control systems
1. Fieldbus Control System
A fieldbus control system (FCS) is a bidirectional serial, digital, multi-node communication network that connects intelligent field devices and automated control equipment. It is also known as a field-level device control network.
Currently, Fieldbus-based Functions Control Systems (FCS) are developing rapidly, but much work remains to be done, such as standardization and instrument intelligence. It is certain, however, that FCS, combined with new technologies such as DCS, Industrial Ethernet, and advanced control, will have strong vitality.
2. Industrial PC Control System
Due to the openness of PCs, their abundance of hardware, software, and human resources, and their low cost, PC-based (including embedded PCs) industrial control systems are growing at a rate of over 20% per year, making PC-based industrial control technology one of the mainstream technologies at the beginning of this century.
3. Integrated intelligent control system
With the development of computer technology, communication technology, and control technology, the traditional control field is undergoing an unprecedented transformation, moving towards networking. The demand for high-volume, high-speed transmission of large data such as images and voice signals has spurred the integration of Ethernet with control networks, which is currently popular in the commercial sector.
This wave of industrial control system networking has integrated various popular technologies such as embedded technology, multi-standard industrial control network interconnection, and wireless technology, thereby expanding the development space of the industrial control field and bringing new development opportunities.
