Generally speaking, in terms of mechanical receiving principles, vibration sensors are only of two types: relative and inertial. However, in terms of electromechanical conversion, due to differences in conversion methods and properties, there are many types of vibration sensors, and their applications are extremely wide.
The sensors used in modern vibration measurement are no longer independent mechanical measuring devices in the traditional sense. They are only one part of the entire measurement system and are closely related to the subsequent electronic circuitry.
Due to the different electromechanical conversion principles within sensors, the output electrical quantities also vary. Some sensors convert changes in mechanical quantities into changes in electromotive force or electric charge, while others convert changes in mechanical vibration into changes in electrical parameters such as resistance and inductance. Generally speaking, these electrical quantities cannot be directly accepted by subsequent display, recording, and analysis instruments. Therefore, sensors with different electromechanical conversion principles must be equipped with dedicated measurement circuitry. The function of the measurement circuitry is to convert the sensor's output electrical quantity into a general voltage signal that can be accepted by subsequent display and analysis instruments. Therefore, vibration sensors can be classified according to their functions in the following ways:
Based on mechanical receiving principle, vibration sensors can be classified into: relative vibration sensors and inertial vibration sensors.
According to the electromechanical conversion principle, vibration sensors can be classified as: electrodynamic vibration sensors, piezoelectric vibration sensors, eddy current vibration sensors, inductive vibration sensors, capacitive vibration sensors, resistive vibration sensors, and photoelectric vibration sensors.
According to the mechanical quantities measured: displacement sensors, velocity sensors, acceleration sensors, force sensors, strain sensors, torsional vibration sensors, and torque sensors.
The sensors in the above three classification methods are compatible.
