Today, the sophistication of industrial robots is astonishing, especially the flexible 5-axis and 6-axis robots. The drive source of an industrial robot propels the movement or rotation of its joints through transmission components, thereby enabling the movement of the body, arms, and wrists. Therefore, transmission components are crucial parts of industrial robots. Depending on the type of transmission, transmission components can be divided into linear transmission mechanisms and rotary transmission mechanisms. With so many active joints, precise motion and command transmission can be achieved, with each part working closely together to complete complex tasks. The joint primarily refers to the most important basic component of an industrial robot, and also the core component of motion: the precision reducer. This is a precise power transmission mechanism. The gear speed converter is used to reduce the motor's rotation speed to the required speed and obtain a greater torque device, thereby reducing speed and increasing torque. What are the characteristics of the joint drive chain in an industrial robot?
1. Industrial robots are typically powered by AC servo motors. Driven by pulse signals, the servo motor itself can achieve speed regulation.
Industrial robots typically repeat the same processes;
2. In order to ensure that industrial robots can reliably complete the process tasks in production and guarantee the process quality, high requirements are placed on the positioning accuracy and repeatability of industrial robots.
Therefore, it is necessary to improve and ensure the accuracy of industrial robot RV reducers or harmonic reducers.
3. Another function of precision geared motors in industrial robots is to transmit greater torque. When the load is large, blindly increasing the power of the servo motor is not cost-effective; the reducer can increase the output torque within an appropriate speed range.
4. Servo motors are prone to generating heat and low-frequency vibrations when operating at low frequencies, which is detrimental to the long-term cyclical operation of industrial robots and makes it difficult to ensure their accurate and reliable operation. The presence of a precision geared motor allows the servo motor to operate at an appropriate speed, precisely reducing the speed to the speed required by various parts of the industrial robot, thereby improving the rigidity of the mechanical body and outputting greater torque.
What are the characteristics and functions of the drivetrain in industrial robot joints? Compared to ordinary reducers, robot joint reducers have the advantages of short drivetrain, small size, high power, light weight, and convenient control. Two types of reducers are widely used in articulated robots: RV reducers and harmonic reducers. The advantages of synchronous belt drives include: no slippage, accurate transmission ratio, smooth transmission; wide speed ratio range; low initial tension; and reduced risk of overload on shafts and bearings. However, the manufacturing and installation of this transmission mechanism requires strict specifications, and the belt material must be of high quality, resulting in high cost. Synchronous belt drives are suitable for high reduction ratio transmissions between motors and reducers.
