Electric vehicle batteries are divided into lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Compared to lead-acid batteries for electric vehicles, we know less about lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. Below, we will briefly introduce the ten advantages of lithium-ion batteries.
1. Long cycle life: Lithium-ion batteries, when charged and discharged at a 1C rate, have a cycle life of ≥500 cycles, and their capacity at the 500th cycle is greater than 70% of the nominal capacity. In contrast, lead-acid batteries, even when discharged at 0.5C and charged at 0.15C, have a cycle life of ≤350 cycles and a capacity of ≤60%.
2. Good low-temperature discharge performance: Lithium-ion batteries can work normally at -25 degrees Celsius, and their capacity can reach 70% of the nominal capacity, while lead-acid batteries have only 50% of their capacity at -10 degrees Celsius and cannot work normally at -25 degrees Celsius.
3. Strong charge retention: A fully charged lithium-ion battery pack retains more than 80% of its capacity after being stored for two months, while a lead-acid battery retains only 40%-50% of its nominal capacity after two months.
4. Strong range: Since the weight of lithium-ion battery packs is only 30% of that of lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries have a strong range under the same voltage and capacity.
5. High specific energy: Since the volume of lithium-ion batteries is only 30% of that of lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries have a larger energy storage capacity than lead-acid batteries when using the same space.
6. Wide operating temperature range: Lithium-ion batteries can operate in the range of -25 degrees to 55 degrees, while lead-acid batteries can only operate in the range of 10 degrees to 40 degrees.
7. Short charging time: Because lithium-ion batteries have the characteristic of being able to be charged with high current, the charging time is only 4-5 hours, while lead-acid batteries require 8 to 10 hours.
8. High green and environmentally friendly performance: Compared with lead-acid batteries, which contain a large amount of lead, a heavy metal that is harmful to the human body and the environment, lithium-ion batteries are highly environmentally friendly products.
9. Capable of high-current discharge: When lithium-ion batteries are discharged at a high current rate of 1C, their capacity is only 60% of the rated capacity.
10. High-current discharge does not affect cycle life: High-current discharge at a 1.5C rate has no impact on the cycle life of lithium-ion batteries. However, high-current discharge at a 1.5C rate for lead-acid batteries results in a cycle life of only 30%-40% of the nominal cycle life.
