Lithium-ion batteries use carbon materials as the negative electrode and lithium-containing compounds as the positive electrode. Depending on the positive electrode compound, common lithium-ion batteries include ternary lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese oxide batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Below is a brief introduction to the differences between ternary lithium-ion batteries and lithium manganese oxide batteries.
1. Ternary lithium-ion batteries
The ternary lithium-ion battery we commonly refer to is actually a ternary polymer lithium-ion battery. It means a lithium-ion battery that uses ternary cathode materials, such as lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide. Ternary lithium-ion batteries have higher capacity, better cycle life, and better rate discharge performance.
The disadvantages are as follows: it is the most expensive of the three materials, and it has no advantage in safety performance. Currently, most lithium-ion batteries involved in explosions use ternary lithium-ion batteries.
2. Lithium manganese oxide battery
Lithium manganese oxide (LiMNO) batteries use lithium manganese oxide as the cathode material, and LiMNO is one of the more promising lithium-ion cathode materials. LiMNO batteries are widely used due to their advantages such as low cost, no pollution, high safety, and good rate performance. In addition, LiMNO has excellent low-temperature performance, achieving a discharge efficiency of over 90% at temperatures as low as -20 degrees Celsius.
The disadvantages of lithium manganese oxide include poor high-temperature performance and a tendency to swell; a relatively short cycle life (typically around 300 to 400 cycles); and inherent instability, easily decomposing to produce gas. Therefore, it is often used in combination with other materials to reduce cell costs. Its poor cycle performance and electrochemical stability significantly limit its industrialization.
Summarize:
In terms of safety, lithium manganese oxide batteries are safer than lithium-ion batteries made of other materials; in terms of capacity, ternary lithium-ion batteries and lithium manganese oxide batteries are similar; lithium manganese oxide batteries have significant advantages in production cost and applicable temperature range.
