1. Lithium iron phosphate battery
During charging of a lithium iron phosphate battery, some lithium ions are released and transferred through the electrolyte to the negative electrode, where they are embedded in the carbon material. Simultaneously, electrons are released from the positive electrode and travel from the external circuit to the negative electrode, maintaining chemical equilibrium. Throughout this discharge process, lithium ions detach from the negative electrode, pass through the electrolyte to the positive electrode, and at the same time, electrons are released from the negative electrode and travel from the external circuit to the positive electrode to supply power to the external circuit.
Features of lithium iron phosphate batteries:
(1) Ultra-long lifespan. The cycle life of lithium iron phosphate power batteries reaches more than seven years and the number of charge cycles can reach more than 2,000.
(2) Green and environmentally friendly. Lithium iron phosphate batteries contain no heavy metals, rare metals (containing rare metals), are non-toxic (SGS certified), pollution-free, and completely green.
(3) Small size and light weight. For the same capacity, the volume of a lithium iron phosphate battery is two-thirds that of an LRC battery, and its weight is one-third that of an LRC battery.
2. Nickel-metal hydride batteries
Nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries consist of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, plates, a separator, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode is made of nickel hydroxide, the negative electrode is a hydrogen storage alloy, the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide, and a separator separates the positive and negative electrodes, forming a single NiMH cell. A reversible charging and discharging process is achieved through the catalysis of platinum.
Features of nickel-metal hydride batteries:
(1) High energy density, 1.5 times higher than nickel-cadmium batteries.
(2) It has fast charging and discharging speed and good low temperature characteristics.
(3) It has a long service life, which can reach thousands of times.
(4) Compared with nickel-cadmium batteries, it has complete enclosure and lower maintenance costs.
3. Ternary polymer lithium batteries
Ternary polymer lithium batteries refer to lithium batteries that use ternary cathode materials such as lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (Li(NicoMn)O2) or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate. The ternary cathode material is composed of nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt, and their ratio can be adjusted as needed.
Features of ternary polymer lithium batteries:
(1) It has a high energy density, with a theoretical energy density of up to 280 mAh/g and a true capacity density of more than 150 mAh/g;
(2) It exhibits good cycle performance and good cycle stability under both room temperature and high temperature conditions;
(3) High cycle life, maintaining 80% of the lifespan after 500 cycles;
(4) It has an ideal crystal structure, low self-discharge and no memory effect.
