Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries generally consist of battery cells and a protection circuit board. The battery cell is the energy storage component of the rechargeable battery, and its quality directly determines the quality of the rechargeable battery. Currently, there are three main types of battery cells used in industrial lithium-ion power supplies on the market: 18650 cells, polymer cells, and lithium iron phosphate cells.
1. 18650 battery cells
The 18650 battery cell has a high positive electrode material with a high working voltage (average working voltage of 3.7V), stable charge and discharge voltage, small size, high specific energy, good cycle performance, high conductivity, simple production process, and is easy to manufacture.
Advantages: Mature technology, wide range of applications, and compact size.
Disadvantages: The cycle life is around 300 times, the safety performance is low, the resistance to overcharging is poor, it is not suitable for high-rate charging and discharging, and it pollutes the environment after disposal.
2. Polymer battery cells
Advantages: Diverse sizes, wide range of applications, not prone to explosion, and high safety factor.
Disadvantages: Higher price, environmental pollution after disposal, and weaker high-current charging and discharging performance. Unlike 18650 cells, polymer cells are not differentiated by whether they are domestically produced, imported, or salvaged; instead, they are classified into three qualities: Grade A, Grade B, and Grade C.
3. Lithium iron phosphate cells
Advantages: Safe and reliable, long lifespan (2000 cycles), high current charging and discharging, low internal resistance and low heat generation, safe, environmentally friendly and non-toxic.
Disadvantages: Expensive price, battery life is generally around 500 cycles, and low-temperature performance is poor.
