Lithium carbonate batteries
Lithium-based batteries are divided into lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Mobile phones and laptops use lithium-ion batteries, which are commonly referred to as lithium-ion batteries. These batteries generally use materials containing lithium as electrodes and are representative of modern high-performance batteries. However, true lithium-ion batteries are rarely used in everyday electronic products due to their high safety risks.
Mobile phone batteries are generally lithium-ion batteries. A lithium-ion battery consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. The positive and negative electrodes are immersed in the electrolyte, and lithium ions move between the electrodes using the electrolyte as a medium to achieve charging and discharging. To prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes through the electrolyte, a separator is used to separate them.
Power lithium-ion batteries
Batteries that supply driving power for electric vehicles are called power lithium batteries, including traditional lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and emerging lithium-ion power batteries. They are divided into power lithium batteries (hybrid electric vehicles) and energy lithium batteries (pure electric vehicles). Lithium-ion batteries used in consumer electronics products such as mobile phones and laptops are generally referred to as lithium-ion batteries, to distinguish them from the power lithium batteries used in electric vehicles.
For power lithium-ion batteries, reliability and consistency are paramount, given their use in harsh environments and large-scale series-parallel battery packs over extended periods. Considering reliability and consistency, assuming a car uses 1000 power lithium-ion batteries, ideally, automakers want a model with 100,000 vehicles to operate without issues. This means the probability of a power lithium-ion battery malfunctioning (safety, storage, cycle life, etc.) should be less than one in 100 million. To ensure reliability, power batteries generally have greater design redundancy, using thicker separators, foils, and casings; therefore, their energy density is roughly half that of consumer batteries.
1. Different properties; power lithium-ion batteries refer to batteries that supply power to transportation vehicles, generally in contrast to small batteries that supply energy to portable electronic devices; while lithium carbonate batteries are primary batteries that use lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, which are different from rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion polymer batteries.
2. Different battery capacities; when both are new batteries, the capacity of a power lithium-ion battery is generally around 1000-1500mAh when tested with a discharge tester; while the capacity of a lithium carbonate battery is over 2000mAh, and some can reach 3400mAh.
3. Different discharge power; a 4200mAh power lithium-ion battery can be completely discharged in just a few minutes, but a lithium carbonate battery cannot do so at all. Therefore, the discharge capacity of a lithium carbonate battery is not comparable to that of a power lithium-ion battery.
The biggest difference between power lithium-ion batteries and lithium carbonate batteries lies in their higher discharge power and higher specific energy. Since the primary application of power lithium-ion batteries is in vehicle power supply, they need to have a higher discharge power compared to ordinary batteries.
