Polycrystalline silicon solar cells are favored for their abundant raw materials, low cost, high conversion efficiency, and good stability, and have captured a major share of the solar cell market in response to societal demand. Let's learn about the power generation principle of polycrystalline silicon solar panels and their application areas.
The solar panel consists of white glass, EVA, anti-reflective layer, solar panel chip, EVA, TPT and outer frame from top to bottom.
The principle of power generation by polycrystalline silicon solar panels
Solar cell chips are semiconductor devices that exhibit the photoelectric effect. When the PN junction of a semiconductor is illuminated, it generates current. When light shines directly on a solar cell chip, the absorbed light excites electrons in a bound high-energy state, making them free electrons. These free electrons move in various directions within the crystal, leaving holes (where the electrons previously occupied). Holes also drift around the crystal. Free electrons (-) accumulate in the N-junction, and holes (+) accumulate in the P-junction. When the external loop is closed, current is generated.
Application areas of polycrystalline silicon solar cells
To reduce the production cost of solar-grade polycrystalline silicon, thereby lowering the manufacturing cost of solar cells and promoting the development of the solar photovoltaic industry, polycrystalline silicon solar cells are applied in the following areas:
1. User solar power supply: (1) Small power supply ranging from 10 to 100W, used for electricity for military and civilian life in remote areas without electricity, such as plateaus, islands, pastoral areas, and border outposts, such as lighting, television, radios, etc.; (2) 3-5KW household rooftop grid-connected power generation system; (3) Photovoltaic water pump: solve the problem of drinking water and irrigation from deep wells in areas without electricity.
2. Transportation sector: such as navigation lights, traffic/railway signal lights, traffic warning/sign lights, Yuxiang streetlights, high-altitude obstruction lights, highway/railway wireless telephone booths, unattended track maintenance station power supply, etc.
3. Communications/Telecommunications Field: Solar-powered unattended microwave relay stations, optical cable maintenance stations, broadcasting/communication/paging power systems; rural carrier telephone photovoltaic systems, small communication devices, and GPS power supply for soldiers, etc.
4. Petroleum, marine, and meteorological fields: solar power systems for cathodic protection of oil pipelines and reservoir gates, living and emergency power supplies for oil drilling platforms, marine monitoring equipment, meteorological/hydrological observation equipment, etc.
5. Power supplies for household lighting fixtures: such as garden lights, street lights, portable lights, camping lights, mountaineering lights, fishing lights, black lights, rubber tapping lights, energy-saving lights, etc.
6. Photovoltaic power stations: 10KW-50MW independent photovoltaic power stations, wind-solar (diesel) hybrid power stations, and various large parking lot charging stations, etc.
7. Solar Buildings: Combining solar power generation with building materials to enable large-scale buildings to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity is a major future development direction.
8. Other fields include: (1) Automotive accessories: solar-powered cars/electric vehicles, battery charging equipment, car air conditioners, ventilation fans, cold drink boxes, etc.; (2) Solar hydrogen production and fuel cell regenerative power generation systems; (3) Seawater desalination equipment power supply; (4) Satellites, spacecraft, space solar power stations, etc.
