Causes of pore formation
The causes of porosity during welding can be divided into external and internal causes. External causes mainly include environmental factors and improper operation by workers. During welding, if the protection is not good, gas will enter the molten pool. During the cooling process, the gas cannot be discharged, resulting in porosity inside the workpiece. Also, if the surrounding air is too humid, it will also cause porosity to appear on the workpiece.
If the welding robot's arc is too long, air will enter and create nitrogen pores. Poor surface cleaning, such as the presence of oil or rust, can create hydrogen pores or carbon monoxide pores. The type of pore can be determined by its shape and color. The specific cause can be analyzed based on the process, materials, and the shape and color of the pores.
Yellowish pores are generally nitrogen pores, small bright white dots are hydrogen pores, and larger pores with rising ends are mostly carbon monoxide pores.
Internal causes include improper selection of welding equipment and welding parameters. The main equipment-related causes include insufficient shielding gas pressure, unstable flow rate, and impurities around the weld.
measures to solve porosity
Maintaining a certain level of dryness in the welding environment, using a closed gas system for welding, and closing the surrounding ventilation facilities to ensure that there is no large airflow in the welding environment can reduce the occurrence of internal porosity.
Before starting work, it is necessary to clean the welding torch and the area around the weld, as well as remove oil and other impurities from the work environment. Prevention is better than cure, and this will effectively reduce welding defects.
If there is a problem with the welding parameters, the welding robot needs to be stopped immediately. The welding parameters should be adjusted according to the quality of the weldment until the welding quality is satisfactory before the welding operation can be resumed.
Companies need to provide regular training for welding workers to help them understand the operation procedures and maintenance measures of welding robots and continuously improve their skills.
When porosity occurs during the welding process, it is necessary to first analyze the causes of porosity, check them one by one, and only after finding the problem can solutions be implemented to help welding robots achieve stable welding, improve the company's production efficiency, and reduce production costs.
