The maintenance process and methods for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. Electric vehicles require enhanced performance, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness, replacing lead-acid batteries. However, even high-performance lithium-ion batteries are not always usable. After a period of use, the dynamic performance and lifespan of the battery need to be optimized to meet requirements, making lithium-ion batteries the only viable alternative to discarded batteries.
However, many people believe that lithium-ion batteries are technically unrepairable. We'll assure you that lithium-ion batteries are absolutely repairable. The following article will teach you how to repair lithium-ion battery-powered electric vehicles.
Reasons for the decrease in lithium-ion battery capacity
1. Cellular senescence and degeneration
2. Different self-discharge rates lead to unbalanced charging among batteries connected in series, ultimately resulting in reduced capacity and durability of lithium-ion batteries.
3. During battery use and charging/discharging, sulfation can affect the capacity of lithium-ion batteries.
Battery sulfation performance is as follows: The battery itself has a low voltage, it charges to full capacity after a period of charging, and does not sulfate after a period of discharging.
The battery's softening properties are as follows: the internal liquid becomes cloudy and black. Battery capacity decreases, and lead powder detaches over time.
4. Improper charging during summer and winter holidays. Battery charging voltage is inversely proportional to ambient temperature. Therefore, in summer, high temperatures can cause overcharging, leading to water loss and battery swelling and deformation. In winter, insufficient charging reduces driving range.
Common Faults and Repair Methods of Lithium-ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles
First, battery water damage malfunction.
The important performance of a battery is capacity loss, which leads to thermal control and anode deformation, causing the battery shape to expand.
Repair method: Pry open the cover on top of the electric vehicle battery; open the rubber cover to expose the vent; observe the electric vehicle battery through the vent to see if it is dry or has water accumulation. Additionally, it is recommended to use a disposable syringe and double-distilled water for medical purposes.
II. Battery Imbalance Fault
The key characteristic of this situation is that one or more small batteries in the battery pack have malfunctioned, causing the other good batteries to stop working properly.
Repair method: Regarding the battery imbalance fault, the user can find a battery with the same capacity, voltage, self-discharge, internal resistance, etc.
III. Battery sulfate failure
Its key property is that it forms white, hard lead sulfate crystals on a plate, making it difficult for the drug to be converted into the active substance lead sulfate.
Repair method: Repair instruments can be used to repair the battery. By measuring the battery's condition and continuously emitting positive and negative frequency particle waves during charging and discharging, crystallized lead sulfate that is difficult to remove from the battery can be removed in about 15 hours. However, it should be noted that this is generally only suitable for mild sulfation. If the sulfation is severe, the battery must be replaced.
IV. Solar panel softening fault
Its key characteristic is that the surface of the positive electrode plate gradually softens from a solid state until it becomes a paste. At this point, the battery capacity decreases due to the reduction in surface area.
Repair method: After discharging the battery to 10.5V, use a light bulb to deeply discharge it for 1-5 hours. Then use an activator to reactivate and repair it. This method offers a chance of repair, but if the condition is severe, replacement is the only option.
V. Battery short circuit fault
Its key performance characteristic is that the short-circuited small lead block comes into contact with the positive and negative electrodes, causing self-discharge, which seriously affects the battery life.
Repair method: Remove the lead wire from the short circuit point and restore it from the newly installed partition paper.
Battery open circuit fault
An important function of a circuit is that current cannot flow normally in certain places due to excessive disconnection resistance.
Repair: Use a multimeter to check all the internal connections of the battery, find the damaged connection, and then resolder it.
Currently, when electric vehicle users encounter lithium-ion battery problems, they either go to repair shops or dealers for after-sales replacement, or they consult electric vehicle repair personnel, forums, or online experts who address user inquiries about lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles.
