Precautions for using lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles
1. Charge it every day
Even if your electric vehicle's lithium-ion battery can last for 2 to 3 days on a single charge, it is still recommended that you charge it every day. This is because a used lithium-ion battery is in a shallow cycle state, and charging it daily will extend the battery's lifespan.
2. Charge in a timely manner
Because lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles undergo sulfation after discharge, timely charging can remove minor sulfation. Therefore, lithium-ion batteries should be charged as soon as possible after use to keep them at a full charge level.
3. Periodic deep discharge
Performing a deep discharge periodically can also help "activate" the battery, slightly increasing the capacity of lithium-ion batteries. A common method is to periodically perform a complete discharge. A complete discharge is achieved by riding a bicycle under normal load conditions on a flat road until the first undervoltage protection is triggered.
After the battery experiences its first undervoltage protection event, once the voltage returns to a normal level, a full charge at this point will improve the battery's capacity. It's crucial to note that you should never use a lithium-ion battery during its first undervoltage protection event, as this can severely damage the battery.
4. Use the original charger whenever possible.
Generally, lithium-ion battery chargers from different manufacturers have specific requirements, so don't change chargers arbitrarily if you're unsure. Also, don't remove the speed limiter on the controller. While removing it might increase the vehicle's speed slightly, it will reduce battery lifespan.
When the battery is not in use for an extended period, disconnect it from the vehicle and periodically recharge it to prevent self-discharge or over-discharge due to power consumption by the protection board. While lithium-ion battery charging facilities have protective measures, the voltage may rise at night due to lighter grid load, potentially exceeding the charger's set automatic stop voltage and causing overcharging. It is recommended to use a timed charging switch at night. If the charging indicator light does not turn on after 10 hours of continuous charging, stop charging immediately and check the temperature of the electric vehicle's lithium-ion battery. If it is hot, have it repaired as soon as possible. If immediate repair is not possible, limit the total charging time to no more than 8 hours; otherwise, the battery may be damaged due to expansion and deformation. Accelerate slowly to reduce the impact of high current on the battery, controller, and motor. Riders should take care of the battery, using towing or pedal assistance when going uphill, avoiding frequent discharge, and starting slowly without sudden acceleration. These measures will effectively extend battery life.
It is strictly forbidden to drive electric vehicles with lithium-ion batteries that are completely depleted: Some users continue to charge their electric vehicles until they can no longer be driven, which seriously damages battery performance. Repeated deep discharges will greatly shorten battery life. If the battery is low on the road, it is best to pedal in advance to prevent deep discharge. Always charge the battery fully. Using the vehicle before it is fully charged will reduce the lifespan of the lithium-ion battery. Try to avoid charging at fast charging stations as much as possible.
