Abstract: This paper mainly introduces the implementation method of developing an underground building monitoring system based on LonWorks network and industrial control configuration software. First, the paper outlines the characteristics of a LonWorks network control system, then introduces the configuration software "KingSCADA," and finally details the application of the LonWorks control system and configuration software in underground building control systems. Keywords: LonWorks; Configuration software; Monitoring system 1 Overview With the development of science and technology, underground building engineering is gradually transforming into centralized computer control. LonWorks distributed measurement and control network technology truly and thoroughly implements the control concept of "distributed control, centralized management," making it very suitable for the needs of underground building engineering. This paper will introduce the application of LonWorks network control system and industrial control configuration software in underground building control engineering. 2 LonWorks Network and LonWorks Controller The LON (Local Operation Networks) bus, launched by ECHELON in 1991, provides a powerful means of implementing distributed monitoring systems. It can be widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, power, and building automation to achieve comprehensive networked measurement and control of these systems. LonWorks is the most widely used fieldbus and is considered one of the most promising fieldbuses. The 893-LM series LonWorks network intelligent controller was developed by the Institute of National Defense Engineering Automation, Engineering College of the PLA University of Science and Technology. It fully utilizes LonWorks' existing mature and advanced technologies and convenient development methods, featuring support for multiple communication media, long communication distances, and various network topologies. Furthermore, the 893-LM series employs a unique command message transmission method, enabling plug-and-play operation of the measurement and control front-end without configuration or specialized tools, saving investment, reducing application difficulty, and simplifying system maintenance. In addition, the 893-LM network product is specially designed with waterproof, moisture-proof, and salt spray-proof measures for underground construction projects, and has passed relevant professional testing and certification, enabling it to operate reliably for extended periods in harsh environments. 3. KingSCADA Configuration Software With the development of computer control technology and the increasing demands for industrial automation, as well as the need for communication between numerous control devices and process monitoring devices, providing a reliable, intuitive, real-time, and efficient human-machine interface in the design process of industrial projects has become increasingly important. This project utilizes KingSCADA 6.01, a relatively excellent domestic configuration software. KingSCADA uses the Windows 98/NT/2000 Chinese operating system as its operating platform, fully leveraging the features of Windows' comprehensive graphical functions, consistent interface, and ease of use. It consists of a project browser (TouchExplorer), a screen execution system (TouchView), and drivers; it provides rich animation connections, such as "blinking," "rotation," "fill," and "move," making the screen vivid and intuitive; it has a powerful database; and it provides a C-like command language that is concise, intuitive, and easy to learn and use. The latest KingSCADA 6.01 also adds a feature to publish screens for remote machine browsing; remote sites can access KingSCADA's screens and data by accessing HTML files on a web server. The client can conveniently access the data and screen of the KingSCADA project using an IE browser without installing KingSCADA. In short, using KingSCADA, managers can obtain real-time and historical data without going deep into the production site. 4 Application of LonWorks Network Control System and Industrial Control Configuration Software in Underground Construction Project 4.1 System Overview This project mainly includes garages, ventilation and air conditioning rooms, offices, and power supply and distribution systems. It is necessary to measure the operating status of some equipment and real-time data such as temperature, humidity, and reservoir water level, and to observe personnel entry and exit and issue alarm signals in case of emergency. [align=center] Figure 1 System based on LonWorks fieldbus network structure[/align] Its control system is based on the LonWorks fieldbus network structure, as shown in Figure 1. Its specific configuration is as follows: It uses an Advantech industrial control computer from Taiwan as the host computer of the control system, which is equipped with KingSCADA 6.01 software from Asia Control Systems. Data acquisition of each station is completed through the 893-LM series products of the National Defense Engineering Automation Research Institute, such as LM1101, LM1102, LM1204, etc., as the slave computers of the system. The LM1101 and LM1102 are 4-channel and 8-channel analog input modules, respectively, used to monitor indoor temperature, humidity, and reservoir water level. The LM1204 is a 16-channel digital input and 16-channel digital output module used to monitor and control various high and low voltage switchgear. Data transmission and communication between the host computer and the slave computer are also achieved through the 893 network card of the National Defense Engineering Automation Research Institute, thus realizing the final control of the system. This project uses more than 300 measuring points and a large number of digital inputs, enabling fast, accurate, and effective operation of the system in the harsh or emergency conditions of underground construction projects. 4.2 893-LM Device Driver KingView 6.01 provides the device driver for the 893-LM series controllers, which can be selected directly from the device list. The driver defines six registers: AI - Analog Input; AO - Analog Output; DI - Digital Input; DO - Digital Output; TC - Count; OI - Digital Output Channel Status Readback Register. Furthermore, when configuring analog quantities in KingSCADA, only three types are supported: INT, LONG, and FLOAT. Switching quantities only support BIT, and counting quantities support LONG. 4.3 Human-Machine Interface Design In the KingSCADA screen development system, multiple screen monitoring methods can be implemented: ⑴ Monitoring by project layout. A main project screen is designed. Clicking various buttons on the main screen allows access to various important parts of the system, such as the garage screen, office screen, control room screen, and air conditioning system screen. ⑵ Process flow diagram. Screens for electrical main wiring diagrams, water systems, and ventilation systems are designed. ⑶ Bar charts. Schematic diagrams of office temperature and humidity changes, and reservoir water level changes are designed, using bar charts with data explanations for a visually appealing and intuitive representation. ⑷ Historical and real-time curve graphs. Given the strict and important requirements for office temperature and humidity in this project, historical and real-time curve graphs are used in addition to bar charts for explanation, enabling a clearer understanding and control of temperature and humidity changes. In addition, other monitoring functions have been implemented: when you press the login button on the main screen, the system prompts you to enter a password. Only after entering the correct password can you log in and operate the various switches and buttons of the system; otherwise, you cannot operate them, thus ensuring the security of the system. There are also alarm recording and report query, editing, and printing functions. Furthermore, a status bar has been designed to display how long the project has been running, the current time, the current operator's name, alarm display, etc. 4.4 Some Techniques and Insights in Screen Design In the process of solving problems through screen design, some techniques and insights were summarized: ⑴ How to achieve direct entry into the monitoring running screen upon startup. Copy touchview.exe to the Start Menu—Programs—Startup folder. ⑵ How to prevent the system from exiting the running environment. Configure the running system settings. In the Project Browser, under Run\Special, select "Prevent exiting the running environment." ⑶ How to realize the airflow in the duct. There are two methods that can vividly display the flow effect. The first method is to first draw an arrow using a drawing tool, then copy 4 sets to represent the direction of airflow. To make the wind actually move, an integer variable A is defined in the data dictionary. At startup, A=1; is set in the screen command language. During runtime, the following program is written every 100 milliseconds: "A=A+1;if (A>5){A=1;}". Finally, the animation is implemented, cleverly utilizing implicit functionality. The implicit conditional expression for the first arrow's animation is assigned "A=1", and displayed when the expression is true. The implicit conditional expression for the second arrow is assigned "A=2", with other conditions remaining unchanged. This continues. Thus, when A=1, the first arrow is displayed; when A=5, the fifth arrow is displayed; when A>5, A=1, and the program repeats, making the wind actually move. The second method only requires drawing one arrow. Then, an integer variable B is defined in the data dictionary. At startup, B=0; is set in the screen command language. During runtime, the following program is written every 55 milliseconds: "B=B+10;if (B>100){B=0;}". Finally, the animation connection is also implemented. Enter "B" in the horizontal movement expression of the arrow and fill in the movement distance in the box, with a corresponding value of 100. This also achieves the effect of wind. Furthermore, the rotation of the blades can be implemented using the hidden and rotation functions respectively, referring to the above method. (4) How to copy images from AutoCAD to the KingSCADA screen. First, select the AutoCAD screen to be copied and use the Export function in the File menu to convert it. Then, open it with ACDSee software and convert it to .jpeg format. Return to KingSCADA and use the Copy Point Map function in the Edit menu to copy it. (5) How to add varied fonts to the screen. You can use the WordArt function in Word, select your favorite font, save it as a .bmp format, and then select "Load Point Map from File" in the KingSCADA development system to load the saved image and make it transparent. (6) Another use of the Gallery Wizard. KingSCADA provides many Gallery Wizards, but sometimes the animation connections they define may not fully meet the requirements of the project. 1. Select a gallery sprite, choose "Convert to Ordinary Elements" in the gallery bar, then "Compose Combined Elements," and then connect the animations as needed. 2. How to copy the running screen. Press the screen copy key (print screen) on the keyboard during runtime, and then paste it into the drawing software. 3. How to achieve real-time printing of historical reports. This can be achieved using command language. For example, to print once a day at 8:00 AM, use event command language, write the event "$hour==8" in the "Event Description," and execute the function reportprint2() when the event "occurs." 4. How to prevent others from seeing the development project. Selecting project encryption in the project browser's tools menu can prevent others from opening the project, but you must remember the password, because once the password is lost, there is no backend to decrypt it. 5. How to add comments to buttons. Select the button, right-click, select string toggle, and add comments to the button's tooltip text. 6. How to switch between pages published by the WebServer. KingSCADA 6.01 provides a web page publishing function, allowing other computers without KingSCADA installed to view the published page via IE. However, unfortunately, the buttons on the published page are not operable. Therefore, to switch between published pages, it is necessary to use FrontPage to edit the published page and create new hyperlinks. In short, by cleverly utilizing the various functions in KingSCADA, the created screens can be vivid and realistic, achieving the desired effect. 5 Conclusion The underground construction engineering monitoring system based on LonWorks network and industrial control configuration software has the advantages of low development cost, stable operation, and fast data acquisition speed. It performs well in practical engineering applications. This system has broad application prospects in the field of underground construction engineering automation. References ① 893 Fieldbus Intelligent Measurement and Control System Network Manual. Microcomputer Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute, Engineering College of PLA University of Science and Technology, 2000. ② Yang Xianhui, Fieldbus Technology and Its Application, Tsinghua University Press, 1999.6