Abstract: Simultaneously, focusing on the national "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" overall goal of energy conservation and emission reduction, and adhering to the principle of prioritizing both resource development and conservation, this paper comprehensively implements line loss management by voltage level, zone, line, and transformer area. This ensures timely reflection of the structure, equipment performance, electricity consumption composition, and management level of the power grid at each voltage level, accurately identifies abnormal line loss factors, and reduces electricity loss. Furthermore, it continues to develop a distribution transformer monitoring system within the existing demand-side management system, ultimately forming an integrated marketing system encompassing load management, energy collection, distribution transformer monitoring, and low-voltage centralized meter reading. The distribution transformer monitoring system monitors the operating status of 10kV distribution transformers, using various technical measures to reduce three-phase imbalance, improve power factor, increase equipment utilization, ensure safe and economical equipment operation, and minimize line loss. Strengthening equipment management improves enterprise efficiency and enhances power supply service quality, providing scientific basis for line loss statistics, load analysis and forecasting, voltage qualification rate statistics, urban distribution network planning, power supply optimization schemes, and decision-making for urban grid construction and renovation projects. Keywords: Distribution transformer monitoring, integrated marketing Introduction Constructing a distribution transformer monitoring system to monitor the operation of 10kV distribution transformers, using various technical measures to reduce three-phase imbalance, improve power factor, increase equipment utilization, ensure safe and economical equipment operation, and minimize line losses; strengthening equipment management, improving enterprise efficiency, and improving power supply service quality; providing scientific basis for line loss statistics, load analysis and forecasting, voltage qualification rate statistics, urban distribution network planning, power supply optimization schemes, and urban grid construction and renovation project decisions. 1. Project Background In recent years, Anshun's local economy has developed rapidly, and urban and rural electricity loads have increased daily, posing new requirements for power supply. Currently, the urban distribution network is mainly composed of low-voltage distribution transformers. After the previous round of urban grid renovation, the safe transmission of electricity has been basically guaranteed. In the recent urban grid construction, how to utilize new technologies to improve the management level of power supply enterprises, strengthen the optimization and control of urban power grid power, improve the quality of power supply points, reduce distribution network line losses, and improve the economic efficiency of grid operation is a major theme of urban distribution network development. Meanwhile, adhering to the national "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" overall goal of energy conservation and emission reduction, and upholding the principle of giving equal importance to resource development and conservation, with conservation as the top priority, we comprehensively carried out line loss management by voltage level, zone, line, and transformer area to promptly reflect the structure, equipment performance, electricity consumption composition, and management level of the power grid at each voltage level, accurately identify abnormal line loss factors, and reduce electricity loss. We continued to develop a distribution transformer monitoring system within the existing demand-side management system, ultimately forming a marketing automation system that includes load management, power data collection, distribution transformer monitoring, and low-voltage centralized meter reading. 2. Current Situation Analysis and Construction Objectives 2.1 Southern Power Grid Planning According to the Southern Power Grid Company's marketing information system plan, a marketing automation system including load management, distribution transformer monitoring, power data collection, and low-voltage centralized meter reading is to be constructed, serving as the basic data collection system for the marketing decision support system. While our bureau has already built a power data collection system, and is constructing load management and community low-voltage centralized meter reading systems, the marketing automation system is already taking shape, but automatic data collection for 10kV distribution transformer metering points in the urban network is still lacking. 2.2 Current System Status The load control system for demand-side management began construction in 2007. The system uses a wireless GPRS communication network as the transmission channel to achieve automatic data collection from metering points of large customer dedicated transformers. Currently, the system is still under construction, with 100 load data collection terminals installed in the first phase of the project. The electricity data collection system was put into operation in 2005. The system uses multiple transmission channels, including fiber optic, carrier wave, and telephone, to achieve automatic data collection from substation metering points. Currently, the system is operating well, with data collected from 34 of the 37 substations. The low-voltage centralized meter reading system for residential communities began construction in early 2008. The system uses a fiber optic communication network as the transmission channel and mainly achieves automatic data collection from metering points below 10kV. Currently, the system is still under construction, with the first phase of the project achieving centralized meter reading for 1027 households in two residential communities. The line loss management system was initiated in 2008. By extracting data from the power energy acquisition system, demand-side management system, and marketing information system, the system automatically performs "four-part" statistics on line loss by voltage, zone, line, and distribution transformer area. Currently, the system is in the construction and application phase. 2.3 Construction Objectives As the intersection of the interests of power supply marketing and electricity customers, distribution transformer areas emphasize innovative marketing concepts, shifting from the past extensive marketing management to refined and intensive marketing, and striving to practice the refined marketing concept of "sincere efforts, careful calculation, and continuous improvement." Using the Southern Power Grid Company's basic management standards as a platform, the system will effectively strengthen five key areas of work for power supply enterprises: safety management, energy conservation and consumption reduction, voltage quality and power supply reliability, business management, marketing, and quality service; strengthen energy conservation and consumption reduction efforts, gradually promote the four-part line loss management system, further advance the pilot project of the "four-part" line loss management system, and strive to complete the improvement project of 10kV distribution transformer monitoring and metering devices to improve the level of power grid loss control. The construction of a new distribution transformer monitoring system will comprehensively improve the service quality, operational safety, economic efficiency, and management level of the distribution transformer system, generating significant economic and social benefits. Furthermore, the system's construction marks a new level in the development of our bureau's marketing automation system, providing a solid foundation for the next step of developing a marketing decision support system and a four-part line loss management system. 3. Functional Design 3.1 Data Acquisition Data is collected from dedicated line users or the main meter of the distribution area via GPRS or CDMA communication. Includes information collection and recording functions: 1. Measure the three-phase voltages (A, B, and C) every 15 minutes (time adjustable); the three-phase currents (A, B, and C); the active power (A, B, and C); the reactive power (A, B, and C); the power factor and phase (A, B, and C); the total peak, valley, and flat power consumption; and record other events, including phase sequence change alarms, voltage loss records, demand clearing, time synchronization, and parameter modification; 2. Measure the waveform distortion and distortion factor of the three-phase voltages and currents (A, B, and C); and the 2nd to 31st harmonic content of each phase (A, B, and C); 3. Record the above information for 60-80 days (adjustable according to storage capacity); 4. Compile and record daily statistical data for 60-80 days (adjustable according to storage capacity). The data collected includes: three-phase voltage and current of phases A, B, and C; active and reactive power, power factor, and phase of phases A, B, and C; source: peak, valley, and average total power consumption of the power transmission and distribution network; other event-related voltage loss records, including: phase sequence change alarms, voltage loss records, demand clearing, time synchronization, parameter modification, etc. 3.2 Voltage monitoring: Real-time measurement and monitoring of the voltage of each phase of the line. By setting parameter thresholds, the system records and statistically analyzes the time when the voltage exceeds the upper and lower limits, and simultaneously records the values ​​of other parameters during the time period when the limits are exceeded, including power factor, current, power, and energy. Based on the set time period, abnormal data information in the voltage loss records for 60-80 days is recorded, including the start and end times (time records are accurate to the minute, the same below) when the voltage or current continuously exceeds the set value and the reached limit value, the start and recovery times of the power outage, the maximum daily demand value and the time of occurrence, the start and end times of voltage phase loss, and the start and end times of the three-phase current imbalance rate exceeding the set value and the reached limit value. 3.3 The distribution transformer monitoring function can monitor various real-time data of distribution transformers, including raw quantities, event quantities, harmonic quantities, voltage qualification rate, and line losses. Data for each monitored quantity can be displayed in real-time in both tabular and graphical formats. The monitoring cycle can be customized. Customizable filtering conditions allow the system to filter real-time monitored data, meaning it only monitors data that meets the specified criteria. Details for each real-time monitored quantity can be customized, specifying which data to monitor and which to exclude. Real-time monitoring can be integrated with an alarm module, allowing for customized alarm conditions. If the monitored data shows an anomaly that meets the alarm conditions, the system will issue an alarm. Report analysis and printing functions are also available for the real-time monitored data. The abnormal configuration includes: configuring the entries of monitorable abnormal events in the distribution transformer, i.e., configuring the number of events the monitoring system will monitor; configuring the level of abnormal events, i.e., configuring the importance of each event so that the system can take different response methods; configuring the alarm method, i.e., what notification method to use when an event occurs (system prompt, SMS, email, telephone, etc.); generating alarm information after analyzing user abnormal electricity consumption data for electricity theft; configuring alarm conditions, i.e., configuring the conditions under which the electricity consumption data is considered an abnormal event. The operation analysis analyzes the operating parameters of the distribution transformer. If the operating parameters exceed the thresholds specified by the configuration module, relevant operations will be performed according to the configuration module's settings. 3.4 Data chart analysis completes the instantaneous data collected and displays it as a historical curve. It enables year-on-year comparison of data from different time periods or different meters. It allows for custom calculation formulas, supporting common operations: +, -, *, /, (), sqrt, ︿, max, min, and formulas can be saved to the database. It enables manually entered data to be displayed as a curve. It enables manually entered data to be saved locally. For curves displayed in the graph, more data can be retrieved forward or backward. 3.5 Custom Alarms Users can customize alarm event entries, i.e., define which events trigger alarms; customize alarm filtering conditions, i.e., only alarms for events that meet certain criteria; customize alarm levels, i.e., the system uses different alarm methods based on the importance of the alarm event; customize alarm methods, such as system notifications, SMS, email, and telephone; and optionally save alarm event logs. 3.6 System Configuration Management This includes two parts: system configuration management and database management. System configuration configures the entire system, including the frequency of data uploads from various terminals, data retransmission mechanisms, defining alarm events, and alarm methods. Database management simplifies the maintenance of database objects through a secure graphical database object management interface, allowing users to quickly create, delete, or modify database objects. The entire data management function includes the management of the system's ledger information and user information, including modifying operator permission settings, setting and modifying system data parameters, browsing and deleting data, defining event logging methods, defining data logging formats, managing database logs, data security detection, and data backup. 3.7 General Report Printing The general report module can create specific report formats according to user requirements, or allow users to define report formats entirely. It can generate reports with various flexible formats and insert images such as curves, bar charts, pie charts, and other graphs. It can extract, format, and publish data from a wide variety of data sources (including Java objects built into applications, databases, EJB, and other text files). Once the system is connected to the data source, users can organize and format data to create the desired report templates through the system's report template wizard and visual template editor. The module can also convert the final report into other controllable formats (EXCEL, PDF, XML, HTML, DHTML, etc.) and publish it to WebSphere, WebLogic, Jrun, or any other J2EE application server, web server, or send it directly via email. The general report printing module also has the following functions and features: Flexible report output formats. It can output paginated EXCEL, PDF, XML, DHTML, and HTML. When designing report templates, crosstabs, parameters, multi-segmentation, grouping, charts, etc., can be used. It can generate reports from any data source. Reports can be generated from Java objects in the application, or from data obtained from databases, text files, XML or EJB. Report printing. Effectively supports report preview and report printing. Various printing parameters can be flexibly set when designing reports, such as page margins, printing direction, headers, footers, etc. And supports scaling printing. 4 Technical Requirements 4.1 Main Station System (1) The system adopts a three-tier structure (client/application server/database server) based on J2EE as the basic technical architecture of the system. (2) The system uses Java as the development language to achieve smooth portability. (3) The system adopts a three-tier structure design to improve the security and scalability of the system. 4.2 Data Acquisition Terminal (1) Remote (main station) control; (2) Telemetry function; (3) Remote meter reading function. 4.3 Data Channel (1) Establish GPRS data link, with the function of automatically establishing data link, can automatically respond to the connection request of GPRS terminal, maintain the correspondence between device code, dynamic IP address, and device communication status, and complete basic receiving and sending operations. (2) Parse the uplink data of each terminal device according to its specific protocol. (3) Support TCP/IP SOCKET transmission mode and WEB SERVICE transmission mode. (4) Support multiple communication methods such as GPRS and CDMA. 5 Investment Budget The total investment of the distribution transformer monitoring system of our bureau is estimated at RMB 6,466,700, of which RMB 400,000 is for the construction of the main station system, RMB 972,800 is for the channel construction, and RMB 5,093,900 is for the additional metering points. The project construction can be divided into three stages: The first stage: The construction of the distribution transformer monitoring main station system is based on the capacity configuration of the main station of the demand-side management system (burden control system). After extensive research and multiple demonstrations with demand-side manufacturers, it is possible to rely on the hardware platform of the demand-side system main station and continue to develop the distribution transformer monitoring module in the software system to realize distribution transformer monitoring management. As shown in the figure, the demand-side main station system is designed according to the three-zone standard of power information, and uses a router to communicate with the terminal through the mobile GPS network, and uses a firewall to publish the WEB platform in the fourth zone. (Table: Demand-Side Management System Main Station Equipment Configuration Table) Based on the hardware platform of the demand-side system main station, the new distribution transformer monitoring system requires the following investment on the basis of making full use of existing resources: (1) Distribution transformer monitoring system software development costs; (2) Add a blade server as the front-end server of the distribution transformer monitoring system; (3) Add maintenance workstations, printers, etc. After the system is built, the main station system network diagram is as follows: Second stage: Channel construction Channel construction costs and SIM card monthly rental fees (considering 5 years). Third stage: Data acquisition terminal installation (1) The number of 10kV urban network special transformers in Anshun City is 432, of which 29 load terminal data acquisition devices have been installed, and 403 load terminal data acquisition devices need to be added. (2) The total number of 10kV urban network public transformers in Anshun City is 366, of which 132 distribution transformer comprehensive testers have been installed. They are not networked independently and need to be added and upgraded to 366 distribution transformer data acquisition terminal devices. 6. Conclusion The implementation of the distribution transformer monitoring system will solve the problem of our bureau's lack of effective monitoring and analysis methods in distribution transformer management. The outdated manual meter reading method cannot meet the requirements of statistical analysis and decision support, and will play a positive role in improving distribution transformer management. In terms of production management: the data provided by the system can solve problems such as voltage qualification rate and power factor, meeting the needs of production indicator management. In terms of business management: real-time monitoring of distribution network transformers can promptly detect problems such as PT disconnection in metering circuits and meter malfunctions that cause under-counting or missed electricity consumption. Through real-time line loss analysis, power supply losses can be minimized, providing technical support for anti-theft work and improving the direct economic benefits of power supply enterprises. The successful application of the distribution transformer monitoring system will inevitably improve the production management level of power supply enterprises and the safety and economy of power supply and consumption management, opening a new path for realizing the digitalization, informatization, and modernization of power supply and consumption management. It will also greatly help equipment management, electricity consumption management, and urban grid planning. The distribution network monitoring system integrates real-time data collection of distribution transformers with relevant information from SCADA system, marketing information system and demand-side management system to form a comprehensive application function of real-time monitoring of distribution network, line loss analysis, and operation optimization of distribution network, providing technical support for the safe and economical operation of distribution network. After the distribution network monitoring system is built, it can automatically monitor the operation status of transformers, reduce three-phase imbalance, improve power factor, improve equipment utilization rate, ensure safe and economical operation of equipment, and minimize line loss; at the same time, it strengthens equipment management, improves work efficiency, improves power supply service quality, and provides scientific basis for line loss statistics, load analysis and prediction, voltage qualification rate statistics, urban distribution network planning, power supply optimization scheme, and urban network construction and renovation project decision-making. References [1] Zhou Zhaomao. Power Demand-Side Management Technical Support System. China Electric Power Press, 2007