A single-phase motor has two windings: the main winding, also known as the working winding or running winding, and the auxiliary winding, also known as the starting winding. In some small-load single-phase motors, these two windings are exactly the same and can be interchanged. However, in most single-phase motors (agricultural motors with large loads), the auxiliary winding coil is thinner, has more turns, and has a higher resistance in order to increase the starting torque. There is a starting capacitor between the auxiliary winding and the main winding. The motor can be reversed by simply swapping the start and end connections of one of the two windings. Swapping the L/N power supply is ineffective. Figure 1 and Figure 2: When the two windings are exactly the same, the motor may be a three-terminal motor. Terminals 1 and 3 are the common terminals for both windings, connected to the L terminal of the AC power supply. A starting capacitor is connected between terminals 2 and 4. If the N terminal of the AC power supply is connected to terminal 2 for forward rotation, then connecting N to terminal 4 will reverse rotation. If it is a four-terminal motor, see Figure 4 for wiring. Figure 3: Three-terminal single-phase motor [two windings are the same] Figure 4: Four-terminal single-phase motor [two windings are the same] The main/auxiliary windings of agricultural single-phase motors are different, and the above method of exchanging the main/auxiliary windings cannot be used, otherwise, the motor will be burned out. Generally, there should be four terminals: 1/2 is the main winding, and 3/4 is the auxiliary winding. For forward rotation, see Figure 5: Figure 5. If you want to rotate in reverse, the correct way is to exchange the beginning and end connections of one winding. The distinction between the main and auxiliary windings is very simple; it can be determined by the resistance value.