[b]Preventing Transformer Insulation Damage Accidents[/b] 1.1 During operation, transformers should be inspected for oil leaks and ensure there is no water accumulation in the transformer body to prevent moisture and air from entering and causing insulation damage. 1.2 The oil seal of the transformer's breather should maintain a certain oil level and be kept unobstructed. The desiccant should be kept dry to ensure good moisture absorption. 1.3 Regularly check and ensure the transformer's explosion-proof membrane and safety pressure relief valve are intact to prevent direct contact with air, which could increase the water content in the transformer oil and deteriorate its insulation performance. 1.4 When adding oil to the transformer, ensure the oil quality in the oil conservator is up to standard to prevent oil quality deterioration. Adding oil to the tank from the bottom of the transformer is prohibited to prevent air and impurities from the bottom of the tank from entering the transformer body, especially preventing metallic impurities from entering the transformer interior. 1.5 When the light gas protection system activates and sends a signal, promptly take a gas sample for testing to determine its composition and take an oil sample for chromatographic analysis to identify the cause and eliminate it promptly. 1.6 Light gas protection for transformers in operation should be reliably activated. Transformers without protection should not be put into operation. If short-term shutdown of protection is necessary for work purposes, measures should be in place, and it should be restored immediately afterwards. 1.7 The transformer winding temperature and upper oil temperature should be closely monitored. When approaching the alarm temperature, a comprehensive comparative analysis of the load, cooler, and ambient temperature should be conducted promptly, and effective control should be implemented to ensure timely detection of potential internal transformer faults. 1.8 The position of the oil flow indicator should be carefully checked. If the submersible pump stops operating, it should be activated immediately; otherwise, the oil temperature will rise rapidly, threatening the safe operation of the transformer. 1.9 The surge arrester action recorder of the transformer should be checked frequently, and the number of actions recorded. After a surge arrester action is detected, the transformer should be shut down and inspected. 1.10 The bolts of the oil sampling hole in the transformer body should be carefully checked to prevent oil leakage caused by improper tightening after sampling by maintenance personnel. 1.11 After a transformer trips due to an internal fault, the oil pump should be disconnected and stopped as soon as possible to prevent impurities such as free metal particles generated during the fault from entering the non-faulty parts of the transformer. 1.12 Prevent transformer coil temperatures from becoming too high, leading to insulation deterioration and burnout. Reasonably control the temperature rise of the top oil layer during operation. Especially for transformers with forced oil circulation cooling, when the temperature rise of the top oil layer exceeds the allowable value, the load should be quickly controlled to maintain the oil temperature rise within the specified range; otherwise, the transformer should be operated under reduced load. During transformer overload operation, its oil temperature rise must also be closely monitored to ensure it remains within the specified value, and the load should be reduced as much as possible to minimize the overload operation time and prevent accelerated aging of the insulation caused by prolonged high-temperature operation. [b]2 Prevent Transformer Damage Accidents[/b] 2.1 Regularly measure the temperature of transformer lead joints to prevent overheating caused by poor contact. 2.2 Regularly inspect the transformer cooling fan and regularly perform chromatographic analysis and chemical monitoring of the transformer's insulating oil to ensure good oil quality. 2.3 Frequently check the transformer's neutral point grounding to prevent transformer overvoltage breakdown accidents. 2.4 Frequently check that the transformer bushings are clean and free of cracks to prevent bushing flashover. 3. Transformer protection devices must be complete and reliable. It is strictly forbidden to put an unprotected transformer into operation. If protection needs to be temporarily shut down for work purposes, appropriate measures should be taken, and it should be restored immediately afterwards. 4. Transformers that have experienced outlet or near-circuit short circuits must undergo necessary electrical tests and inspections to ensure that there is no deformation or damage to any components within the transformer. 5. Strengthen the inspection of oil levels in oil-filled bushings . If oil deficiency is found in the oil-filled bushing, the cause should be investigated and oil replenished. Bushings with oil leaks should be dealt with promptly. 6. Strengthen fire prevention measures for transformers and improve their fire-fighting facilities.