Abstract: The safety and stability design of electromechanical products includes the design purpose, component selection, three-proof design, seismic design, electromagnetic compatibility design, safety design, and use and periodic maintenance. Its purpose is to improve the quality of electromechanical products. With the rapid development of science and technology, the applications of electromechanical products in national defense, industry, agriculture, commerce, scientific research, and civilian fields are increasing, and all rely heavily on power supply technology and other technologies. If safety and stability management is neglected in their application, the quality of electromechanical products cannot be guaranteed. Keywords: Electromechanical products; safety and stability; design 1. Concept of Safety and Stability Design Safety and stability is the ability of a product to perform its intended function under specified conditions and within a specified time. Therefore, safety and stability is a time indicator of product quality and one of the keys to whether product performance can be fully realized in actual use. Safety and stability design must be carried out simultaneously with the functional design of electromechanical products. Designers must clearly understand the purpose of reliability design and master the methods of reliability design. 2. The Impact of Component Selection on the Safety and Stability of Electromechanical Products Component selection is one of the foundations of the reliability of electromechanical products. Many failures of electromechanical products are caused by performance and quality problems of components. Component Selection Principles Component selection should follow these principles: (1) Select components of appropriate type, model, specification, and quality grade according to the functional requirements and environmental conditions of the product; (2) Determine the limit value of the components based on the stress conditions during use, and select components according to derating design technology; (3) Select components that are compatible with the reliability level required by the product and are produced by qualified units that have passed national quality certification; (4) Use standard and serialized components as much as possible, and important key components should use military-grade or higher components; (5) Non-standard components should be strictly verified and approved before use; (6) Select components according to the national or unit's component selection manual. 3. Three-Protection Design Any electromechanical product operates in a certain environment, and humidity, salt spray, and mold will reduce the insulation strength of materials, causing leakage and thus failure. Therefore, various methods must be adopted to prevent or reduce the impact of environmental conditions on the safety and stability of electromechanical products to ensure the performance of electromechanical products during operation. 3.1 Principles of Moisture-proof Design (1) Use components and materials with low hygroscopicity; (2) Use spraying, impregnation, potting, water-repellent treatments; (3) Use localized sealed structures; (4) Improve the overall operating environment, such as using air conditioning or installing heating and dehumidification devices. 3.2 Principles of Mold-proof Design (1) Use anti-mold materials, such as inorganic mineral materials; (2) Use anti-mold agents; (3) Control environmental conditions to inhibit mold growth, such as using moisture-proof, ventilation, and cooling measures. 3.3 Principles of Salt Spray Protection (1) Use materials with strong moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant capabilities; (2) Use sealed structures; (3) Onshore equipment should be kept away from the coast. 4. Seismic Design All electromechanical products must go through the transportation process from the manufacturer to the user. Especially for electromechanical products used in vibration environments, various methods must be taken to prevent or reduce the impact of vibration environment conditions on the reliability of electromechanical products in order to ensure the performance of electromechanical products during operation. Therefore, the following aspects should be given full attention: (1) The lead wires of each component on the printed circuit board should be as short as possible to increase the vibration resistance; (2) The printed circuit board should be placed vertically and reinforced; (3) Heavier components should be reinforced; (4) Suspended leads should not be pulled too tightly to prevent breakage during vibration; (5) When transporting electromechanical products, anti-vibration measures should be strengthened; (6) Electromechanical products used in vibration environments should adopt anti-vibration measures. [b]5. Electromagnetic Compatibility Design[/b] Electromagnetic compatibility refers to the ability of electronic equipment to work normally in an electromagnetic environment. Electromagnetic interference is an electromagnetic change phenomenon that is harmful to the working performance of electronic equipment. Electromagnetic interference not only affects the normal operation of electronic equipment, but may even damage some components in electronic equipment. Therefore, the electromagnetic compatibility technology of electronic equipment should be given full attention. It is necessary to ensure that electronic equipment can work normally without being affected by surrounding electromagnetic interference, and also to ensure that the electronic equipment itself does not generate electromagnetic interference to other surrounding equipment, affecting the normal operation of other equipment. The electromagnetic compatibility control plan should include the following aspects: (1) Implementing the responsibilities, authority, and implementation plan of the electromagnetic compatibility management organization; (2) Electromagnetic compatibility prediction and analysis; (3) Formulating electromagnetic compatibility standards for the project; (4) Conducting spectrum management for the project; (5) Formulating electromagnetic compatibility requirements for power supply, structure, process, layout, etc.; (6) Drafting an electromagnetic compatibility test outline. 6. Use and Regular Maintenance of Electromechanical Products Correct use and regular maintenance are also important aspects of improving the reliability of electromechanical products. When using electromechanical products, one should first understand their working principle, then strictly follow their usage procedures, and finally perform regular maintenance to improve the reliability of electromechanical products. 6.1 The power source for mobile electromechanical products is the generator and the battery. Their performance is the prerequisite for the stable operation of the entire electromechanical product. Therefore, the generator and the battery should be used correctly and maintained regularly. 6.2 Electrical appliances are important components in the power supply system. The burning of electrical contacts and the decline in insulation performance often lead to major accidents. Therefore, electrical appliances should be maintained regularly. 6.3 For electromechanical products used in vibration environments, the movable connections are prone to loosening, especially conductive movable connections, which can lead to accidents. Therefore, regular maintenance of movable connections is necessary. 6.4 Power cables are the path for electrical energy transmission, and the main parameters of electrical energy are current and voltage. Current flowing in power cables generates heat, which reduces the insulation strength of the power cables and can even cause fires. Voltage creates stress on the insulation of power cables. The insulation performance of power cables in application continuously declines, and once the voltage stress exceeds the insulation's withstand capacity, insulation breakdown and failure will occur. Cables located at metal cable tray openings should be fitted with protective sleeves to prevent short circuits to ground caused by long-term wear. [b]7. Conclusion[/b] With the rapid development of science and technology, electromechanical products are increasingly widely used in various fields of society, and their operating conditions are becoming increasingly demanding, requiring higher standards for safety and stability. Clearly defining and refining the safety and stability design of electromechanical products ultimately aims to improve their quality and increase their social and economic benefits. References: [1] Editorial Board of this book, Mechanical Designer's Handbook, Machinery Industry Press, 2003.6 [2] Ding Bin, New Encyclopedia of Mechanical Design Knowledge, China Science and Technology Culture Press, 2005 [3] He Jianmin and Huang Ying, Reliability Technology of Electromechanical Products, Chongqing University Press, 1998.12 [4] Jin Weiya and Zhang Kangda, Reliability Engineering, Chemical Industry Press, 2005.5