Abstract: The author has been engaged in the safety technical inspection of crane equipment for many years in a special inspection agency, and has come into contact with a wide range of crane equipment. Based on years of testing and practice with cranes, this paper discusses the experience of crane safety technology management. Crane safety technology management includes the selection and demonstration of equipment, installation and commissioning, inspection by inspection agencies, formulation of safety management systems, maintenance, operation, modification, overhaul, and scrapping of the entire process. Keywords: crane safety technology management With the rapid development of industry, the quantity, variety, and quality of crane products have all developed significantly. Comprehensively implementing regulations and policies such as the "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Regulations," scientifically managing lifting machinery, fully leveraging its efficiency, striving to improve the equipment's technical quality and operational level, and efficiently, effectively, and with low consumption completing construction, installation, production, and loading/unloading tasks to ensure safe production, achieve optimal economic efficiency, and promote the sustainable development of the enterprise are the tasks and goals of the enterprise's lifting machinery safety technology management. 1. Selection, Installation, and Inspection of Lifting Machinery 1.1 Selection When purchasing lifting machinery, enterprises should first comprehensively consider factors such as the scope of use, rated lifting capacity, span, and frequency of operation to select a crane suitable for their specific needs. Market research should be conducted based on the proposed technical parameters and requirements. The selected supplier must be a professional crane manufacturer with a special equipment safety license. The manufacturer's processing equipment compatibility, production standardization, and product advancement should be examined. After comparison, a lifting machinery with reasonable price, good quality, excellent performance, and complete safety devices should be selected. Upon arrival of the lifting equipment, during unpacking and acceptance, it is necessary to check whether the accompanying technical documents are complete, whether the accompanying accessories, tools, and attachments are consistent with the configuration list, and whether the equipment and accessories are damaged or defective. An unpacking inspection and acceptance record should be made. 1.2 Installation and Inspection The installation team for lifting machinery can be selected from manufacturers with installation qualifications, forming a one-stop service model of manufacturing, installation, and commissioning. In addition, the selected installation unit must be a professional team with a "Special Equipment Installation (Maintenance) Safety Approval Certificate" issued by the provincial quality and technical supervision department, and possess the corresponding installation qualifications and certifications. After the installation unit is determined, assistance should be provided to the installation unit to obtain the Special Equipment Commencement Notice before installation, and a full-time or part-time personnel should be assigned. This personnel are responsible for coordinating the supervision and inspection work of the lifting machinery, facilitating the inspection agency's supervision and inspection personnel to review relevant documents and enter the site for inspection, and cooperating in checking whether the installation team's construction organization plan, installation equipment, installation procedures, technical requirements, concealed works acceptance records during installation, and self-inspection reports meet the requirements. After installation is completed, the installation unit should be supervised to conduct a comprehensive self-inspection, operational test, and load test. After confirming that the self-inspection is qualified, the inspection agency will conduct installation acceptance. The crane can only be put into use after passing acceptance and obtaining a "Safety Use Permit". After acceptance, the user unit shall archive the crane's accompanying technical data, installation data, inspection reports, and other relevant technical data. Records of periodic inspections, major repairs, modifications, and accidents occurring during use shall also be filed in the crane machinery safety technical file. 2. Crane Machinery Management System To fully implement the "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Regulations" and other laws and policies, and to strengthen the management of crane machinery and equipment, improve equipment utilization and integrity, and enhance the use, maintenance, upkeep, and testing of equipment, a crane machinery management system is essential. The crane machinery management system generally includes safety technical files, safety management regulations, emergency measures, and rescue plans. 2.1 Safety Technical Files Enterprises using lifting machinery should establish and improve equipment safety technical files. According to the relevant content of the "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Regulations", the lifting machinery file generally includes: (1) design documents, manufacturing unit, product qualification certificate and other documents, as well as installation technical documents and data; (2) supervision and inspection certificates, acceptance inspection reports or periodic inspection reports and records of periodic self-inspection issued by special equipment inspection agencies; (3) daily use records of lifting machinery; (4) maintenance and testing records of safety accessories, safety protection devices, measurement and control devices and related auxiliary instruments and meters; (5) operation failure and accident records; (6) energy consumption records and energy-saving renovation technical data. Currently, many enterprises lack (6) energy consumption records and energy-saving renovation technical data, which enterprises should pay attention to. 2.2 Safety Management System To ensure the safe operation of lifting machinery, there must be a sound management system so that operators have rules to follow and managers have laws to abide by. The safety management system for lifting machinery should generally include the following: (1) emergency rescue plan for lifting machinery accidents. (2) Job responsibility system for functional management departments and drivers. (3) Safe operation technical procedures. (4) Daily inspection and periodic inspection and maintenance system. (5) Training and assessment system for management, operation and maintenance personnel. (6) Safety technical file management system for lifting machinery. 2.3 Emergency measures and rescue plans for lifting machinery accidents According to Article 31 of the "Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment", special equipment users should formulate emergency measures and rescue plans for special equipment accidents. Lifting machinery is a major category of special equipment. At present, most lifting machinery users do not have rescue plans. Once a major accident occurs, the management personnel, on-site personnel and specific operators of the user unit are at a loss and cannot get rescue in time. It is particularly emphasized here that lifting machinery users must formulate a set of practical plans. When handling the accident scene, it should be scientific, timely and effective to minimize losses. Therefore, lifting machinery users should establish an emergency accident rescue leading group led by the unit leader, with the lifting machinery safety management department as the main body and relevant departments cooperating, clarifying responsibilities and assigning responsibilities to individuals. Based on the usage of the lifting machinery in this unit, identify potential malfunctions, hazards, and accidents, and formulate response measures suitable for the characteristics of the lifting machinery in this unit. These measures should include principles for handling accidents involving lifting machinery, procedures, methods, steps for emergency situations, and the responsibilities, division of labor, and cooperation of relevant personnel, and regular on-site drills should be organized. [b]3 Safe Operation Management of Lifting Machinery[/b] To ensure the safe production and normal operation of the enterprise, it is necessary to strengthen the safe operation management of lifting machinery in accordance with the "Safety Management Regulations for Lifting Machinery," "Supervision and Inspection Regulations for Lifting Machinery," and "Safety Regulations for Lifting Machinery." Conducting thorough safety technical inspections of lifting machinery is crucial for the management of lifting equipment. 3.1 Lifting machinery operators should be trained and certified before starting work. Before starting work, lifting machinery operators must learn and master the structure, working principles, technical performance, safe operating procedures, maintenance and repair systems, and other relevant knowledge of the lifting machinery they use, as well as relevant national laws, regulations, and standards. They must pass the assessment in both theoretical knowledge and practical operation skills by the local quality and technical supervision department before being allowed to operate the machinery. 3.2 Fixed Personnel, Fixed Machine, Fixed Position Management of Lifting Machinery The fixed personnel, fixed machine, fixed position management system of lifting machinery can enhance the sense of responsibility of personnel and improve the assessment mechanism, which will have a significant effect on improving management efficiency. The fixed personnel, fixed machine, fixed position management system of lifting machinery is first of all the formulation of the system and the determination of the system form, among which fixed personnel and fixed machines are the foundation. It requires that everyone has a post and responsibility, and each crane is operated and managed by someone. 3.3 Periodic Inspection, Inspection and Maintenance Management of Lifting Machinery The lifting machinery user unit should regularly inspect, inspect, repair and maintain the lifting machinery in use, and formulate a periodic inspection management system, which should generally include daily inspection, weekly inspection, monthly inspection and annual inspection plans, etc., to dynamically supervise the crane, and promptly discover and rectify any abnormalities, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the lifting machinery. (1) Daily inspection is generally the routine maintenance item of the operation, which is the responsibility of the operator. It should include cleaning, lubrication of transmission parts, adjustment and tightening, etc. The sensitivity and reliability of the safety device are tested by running, and any abnormal sounds are listened to during operation. (2) Weekly inspections are generally carried out jointly by maintenance workers and operators. In addition to the daily inspection items, the main contents are visual inspection, checking the safety status of the hook, lifting device, wire rope, etc., and the sensitivity and reliability of important safety components such as brakes, clutches, and overload alarm devices. The transmission components are observed for abnormal noises and overheating through operation. (3) Monthly inspections are recommended to be organized by the equipment safety management department and carried out jointly with relevant personnel from the user department. In addition to the contents of the weekly inspection, the main contents are to conduct condition checks on the power system, hoisting mechanism, slewing mechanism, running mechanism, and hydraulic system of the crane, replace worn, deformed, cracked, and corroded parts, and check the reliability of the power supply device, controller, overload protection, and safety protection device of the electrical control system. The crane is checked for fault signs caused by leakage, pressure, temperature, vibration, noise, etc. through test operation. The crane's structure, support, and transmission parts are subjectively inspected under condition through observation to understand the overall technical status of the crane and to check and determine the source of abnormal phenomena. (4) Annual inspections are generally organized by the unit leadership, with the equipment safety management department taking the lead and relevant departments working together. In addition to the monthly inspection items, the main focus is on testing the technical parameters and reliability of the lifting machinery. Using testing instruments, the wear degree of the moving parts of the lifting machinery and the welds of the metal structure are inspected. In particular, the welds of the main load-bearing components of large-tonnage cranes are subject to non-destructive testing. The operating technical condition of the lifting equipment is evaluated through tests on the effectiveness of safety devices and the overall performance of the machine. Overhaul, renovation, and upgrade plans are arranged. The user enterprise should establish and improve the maintenance, periodic inspection, safety procedures, and shift handover systems for lifting machinery, and educate relevant personnel to implement them conscientiously. 4. Summary Lifting machinery is an indispensable logistics and transportation equipment in modern economic construction to improve material handling conditions, realize the automation and mechanization of the production process, and improve labor productivity. Only by scientifically managing lifting machinery can we ensure its inherent safety, enable it to achieve the best economic benefits, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the enterprise. [b]References[/b][1]Wang Fujin. Technical Inspection of Lifting Machinery [M]. Beijing: Xueyuan Press, 2000.12. [2]Luo Qingliang. Safety Management of Lifting Machinery [J]. Electric Power Safety Technology, 2005, (10). [3]Zhao Shijun. Use and Safety Management of Lifting Machinery [J]. Popular Standardization, 2003, (09).