Abstract : This design scheme aims to implement the spirit of documents such as the "Implementation Opinions on Strengthening Energy Conservation Management of State Organs Office Buildings and Large Public Buildings" issued by the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Finance. It involves the construction of a building energy consumption statistics, energy audit, energy efficiency disclosure, and energy consumption monitoring platform for state organs' office buildings and large public buildings in Shenyang City. The scheme also aims to formulate a building energy management system for Shenyang City, improve energy conservation supervision of state organs' office buildings and large public buildings in Shenyang City, and enhance energy utilization efficiency.
Keywords : energy consumption monitoring, energy consumption statistics, energy audit, energy efficiency disclosure
1. Project Overview
In accordance with the spirit of the following documents: the State Council's "Notice on Issuing the Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction" (Guofa [2007] No. 15), the Ministry of Construction's "Implementation Plan for Implementing the 'Notice of the State Council on Issuing the Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction'" (Jianke [2007] No. 159), the Ministry of Construction and Ministry of Finance's "Implementation Opinions on Strengthening the Energy Conservation Management of Office Buildings of State Organs and Large Public Buildings" (Jianke [2007] No. 245), and the Liaoning Provincial Department of Construction's "Notice on Issuing the 'Liaoning Provincial Work Plan for the Construction of Energy Conservation Supervision System for Office Buildings of State Organs and Large Public Buildings'" (Liaojianfa [2008] No. 14).
2. System Construction Objectives
A city-wide energy consumption monitoring platform for government office buildings and large public buildings has been established to monitor energy consumption in key areas and buildings in the city in real time. Through energy consumption statistics, energy audits, energy efficiency disclosure, energy quotas and surcharges for exceeding quotas, the platform aims to improve the energy-saving operation and management level of government office buildings and large public buildings in Shenyang, cultivate the building energy-saving service market, and lay a good foundation and create favorable conditions for the energy-saving renovation of high-energy-consuming buildings.
3. System Construction
The system comprises: construction of substation data acquisition terminals; construction of building energy consumption data transmission system; construction plan for building energy consumption data center; construction plan for building energy consumption monitoring platform; and construction plan for building energy conservation supervision substations.
3.1 Construction Plan for Building Energy Consumption Data Collection Terminals
Building energy consumption sub-metering includes electricity, water, heating (gas), gas, oil, and coal. Among them, electricity, water, and heating (gas) energy consumption will be measured in real time using remote data transmission. Oil, gas, and coal energy consumption will be statistically analyzed using monthly reports and manual data input into the management system. At the same time, intelligent data acquisition interfaces for devices such as gas meters, flow meters, oil meters, and totalizers are reserved for future upgrades.
3.2 Construction Plan for Building Energy Consumption Data Transmission System
3.2.1 Energy Consumption Data Transmission System
The energy consumption data transmission system consists of a data acquisition subsystem and a building-to-data center transmission subsystem. The data acquisition subsystem is responsible for collecting electrical energy and other energy consumption information within the building. It collects, processes, and stores information from various meters under its jurisdiction via channels and exchanges data with the data center via remote channels. The energy consumption data transmission system collects and caches energy consumption data from the monitored buildings within its management area and forwards it completely to the next-level data center.
3.2.2 System Connection Method
(1) Connection between the metering device and the data acquisition subsystem
The metering device and the data acquisition subsystem should use various wired or wireless physical interfaces that conform to the smart meter standards of relevant industries. The data acquisition subsystem should be able to be compatible with metering devices of different protocol types.
(2) Connection between the data acquisition substation system and the data center
The data acquisition subsystem and data center should be connected to the transmission network via dedicated lines and have fixed IP addresses or network domain names.
3.3 Building Energy Consumption Data Center Construction Plan
The Shenyang Municipal Government Office Building and Large Public Building Energy Consumption Data Center is planned to be located within the Building Energy Conservation Monitoring Center of Shenyang Jianzhu University. The data center will remotely acquire real-time energy consumption data from the Shenyang Municipal Government's office and public building energy consumption data transmission system. It will also integrate data from all remote energy consumption monitoring stations in Shenyang and store it in a database, while simultaneously generating data that can be remotely published via the web. The data center will also be responsible for transmitting data from all remote energy consumption monitoring stations in Shenyang to the Liaoning Provincial Data Center.
3.4 Construction Plan for Building Energy Consumption Monitoring Platform
The construction of a real-time building energy consumption monitoring platform will primarily utilize wired Internet network transmission, supplemented by GPRS or data radio wireless transmission, to provide a system for monitoring, analyzing, managing, and disseminating building energy consumption data. The platform can employ LonWorks network technology or a combination of RS-485 communication and TPC/IP networks for building energy consumption statistics. The system consists of a command receiving/sending server, a data receiving/sending server, a data processing server, an information display server, a firewall, antivirus software, a file storage/data backup server, a monitoring workstation, transmitters, repeaters, front-end sensors, a network converter, a UPS power supply, communication cables, and real-time building energy consumption monitoring software. The system is required to reliably and stably monitor and transmit building energy consumption data, and possess data analysis, processing, and information display and dissemination functions.
3.5 Construction Plan for Building Energy Conservation Monitoring Substation
To facilitate effective monitoring and management by higher authorities, establish and improve the building energy efficiency supervision mechanism, and ensure that the implementation of relevant energy conservation regulations is not merely a formality, it is planned to set up a building energy conservation supervision substation within the Shenyang Municipal Construction Commission.
The monitoring substation communicates with the Shenyang Municipal Building Energy Consumption Real-time Monitoring Platform via dedicated line or Internet to obtain relevant real-time data and data services provided by the Shenyang Municipal Building Energy Consumption Data Center, enabling comprehensive and synchronous monitoring of Shenyang's energy consumption status.
The regulatory sub-site can customize reports and services according to the needs of regulatory agencies.
The monitoring substation can be integrated with the GIS system. Based on information exchange and data sharing, the energy consumption in each area can be monitored in an intuitive and simple way on the monitoring substation, which improves management efficiency and service level.
3.6 Statistical agencies
In accordance with the "Statistical Reporting System for Energy Consumption of Civil Buildings" formulated by the Ministry of Construction and the National Bureau of Statistics, annual and semi-annual reports are made on the basic information and building energy consumption of all government office buildings and large public buildings in Shenyang City through a comprehensive survey.
3.6.1 Statistical Methods
Shenyang plans to decompose statistical survey tasks using a system of departmental responsibility and segmented management. A statistical database of energy consumption in Shenyang's government office buildings and large public buildings will be established, forming a statistical system.
Based on the characteristics of the industry in which the building operates, its competent industry authority will be identified. Each competent industry authority will be responsible for the energy consumption statistics survey of its subordinate buildings, implementing a systematic and standardized approach with clearly defined responsibilities. Each unit is required to designate at least one contact person to be responsible for completing and submitting building energy consumption statistics reports. For buildings where the competent industry authority cannot be identified, a one-to-one statistical survey model will be implemented.
3.6.2 Filling Method
Automatic data entry method:
Online submission method: An online data submission system has been developed, allowing building owners, property managers, or management units to access the online submission interface using their username and password to enter and submit information and data.
Manual reporting method: The Shenyang Municipal Bureau of Statistics and the Shenyang Municipal Construction Commission jointly formulated the "Shenyang Municipal Government Office Buildings and Large Public Buildings Basic Information and Energy Consumption Survey Statistical Table" and the "Shenyang Municipal Government Office Buildings and Large Public Buildings Energy Consumption Survey Method Guidelines," which were distributed to the building owners through relevant government departments. The building owners, their designated personnel, or other responsible persons then filled out and submitted the forms. After collecting the data reports from the buildings under their jurisdiction, the relevant government departments entered the data into the computer according to the standard format and submitted it to the Shenyang Municipal Bureau of Statistics for unified processing and analysis.
3.7 Building Energy Audit Work Plan
According to the "Technical Guidelines for Building Energy Audits" formulated by the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Finance, the Shenyang Municipal Construction Commission is responsible for auditing the basic and prescribed energy items of public buildings. The Commission relies on technical support units such as Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang Building Science Research Institute, and Shenyang Building Materials Testing Center to conduct in-depth energy audits.
3.8 Work Plan for Publicizing Building Energy Efficiency
Energy efficiency disclosures should be published through various means, including fixed display locations, mainstream news media, bureau/commission work briefings, and official websites. The specific form of disclosure should adhere to the principles of economy, broad reach, and convenience.
3.8.1 Management and Implementation Organization
The energy efficiency of buildings will be publicized by the Shenyang Municipal Construction Energy Conservation Leading Group, and the specific work will be carried out by the Municipal Construction Commission and relevant units.
3.8.2 Energy Efficiency Disclosure Content
The energy efficiency disclosure consists of two parts: basic building information and building energy consumption indicators. The basic building information mainly includes: building name, building area, building height, number of floors, building function, and year of construction.
Building energy consumption indicators mainly include: total annual energy consumption, annual energy consumption by category, annual electricity consumption, annual fuel (coal, gas, oil, etc.) consumption, annual centralized heating supply, annual renewable energy usage, annual water consumption, and annual unit energy consumption.
3.8.3 Energy Efficiency Disclosure Method
A phased approach combining internal government disclosure and public disclosure will be adopted. The first phase involves distributing the information to relevant bureaus and offices within the Shenyang Municipal Government via work briefings. The second phase utilizes the published data from the established real-time energy consumption monitoring platform to release the information to the public and receive public oversight.
3.8.4 Energy Efficiency Disclosure Entities
The energy efficiency disclosure targets are primarily buildings listed in the building energy audit list that have high energy efficiency and rank in the top 50%. The aim is to commend building users with high energy efficiency and incentivize high-energy-consuming buildings to implement energy-saving operation management and renovations. For the disclosure of government office buildings, the demonstration effect should be emphasized.
3.9 Construction Plan for Building Energy Conservation Management System
Based on the energy consumption monitoring and audit results of government office buildings and large public buildings in Shenyang, we will study and formulate energy consumption standards and quotas for key energy-consuming units, and gradually establish a pricing system for exceeding quotas.
4. Conclusion
This system collects a series of energy consumption parameters through metering instruments, transmits them to the energy management system, and performs centralized statistical analysis to provide managers with a basis for decision-making. The system employs stable and mature metering, communication, and management technologies. The overall function of energy statistics is to provide information, consultation, and supervision. Its basic task is to accurately, timely, comprehensively, and systematically collect, organize, and analyze statistical data from the entire energy system process, truthfully reflecting the development level of energy economy, energy economic efficiency, and the overall energy balance, providing statistical information and basis for macro-level decision-making and management, as well as for enterprise production and operation management.
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