A speed reducer is a relatively precise piece of machinery used to reduce speed and increase torque. (Note: Speed reducer torque calculation formula)
There are many types and models of speed reducers, each with different applications. Speed reducers can be categorized in several ways: by transmission type (gear reducers, worm gear reducers, planetary gear reducers); by the number of transmission stages (single-stage and multi-stage reducers); by gear shape (cylindrical gear reducers, bevel gear reducers, and bevel-cylindrical gear reducers); and by transmission arrangement (open-type, split-type, and coaxial reducers). The following are common speed reducer classifications:
1. Cycloidal reducer
2. Hardened tooth surface cylindrical gear reducer
3. Planetary gear reducer
4. Soft-tooth surface reducer
5. Three-ring reducer
6. Crane speed reducer
7. Worm gear reducer
8. Shaft-mounted hardened gear reducer
9. Continuously Variable Speed Transmission
The main characteristics of worm gear reducers are their reverse self-locking function, large reduction ratio, and the fact that the input and output shafts are not on the same axis or plane. However, they are generally larger in size, with lower transmission efficiency and precision. Harmonic reducers utilize the controllable elastic deformation of flexible elements to transmit motion and power. They are compact and highly precise, but their disadvantages include limited flexspline life, poor impact resistance, and lower rigidity compared to metal components. The input speed cannot be too high. Planetary reducers have advantages such as a compact structure, small backlash, high precision, long service life, and the ability to achieve a large rated output torque. However, they are slightly more expensive.
