1. Introduction Temperature is a crucial parameter in industrial control. A temperature control system can be a small-scale system for controlling temperature or a part of a larger system, but all require corresponding hardware devices, mechanical equipment, and software to control these devices. The main factors affecting temperature parameter control also come from these three aspects. However, in specific design, these three aspects are mutually constraining and complementary, especially for systems that need to control instantaneous temperature changes. For example, what control accuracy, temperature ramp time, and temperature uniformity are required within a certain temperature range? When mechanical equipment is limited, this can be compensated for by the design of hardware circuits and software. Many temperature control systems generally use microcontrollers. Since each microcontroller usually has its own set of development tools, it requires a certain amount of time and effort to learn and master, and the related hardware interface design is also relatively complex. However, using the PC104 as the core central processing unit allows the main focus to be on software and interface design, and the PC104 is very convenient to develop, maintain, and expand. PC104 is fully compatible with the common PC and PC/AT standards (IEEE P996), and its software and hardware can be quickly mastered. Moreover, it meets the special requirements of embedded control: small size, low cost, high reliability, long life, convenient programming and debugging. With different functional boards, it provides a standard system platform for embedded applications. This article mainly introduces the design of the hardware interface circuit and software design of the PC104 bus, which is widely used in current industrial control products. It is used as an embedded platform in the temperature control system to realize the control of temperature parameters. 2. Introduction to PC104 bus The PC104 bus is an industrial control bus specifically defined for embedded control. Its signal definition is consistent with the ISA bus, but the electrical and mechanical specifications are completely different. It is an optimized small, stacked embedded bus standard. Compared with ISA, PC104 has some unique functions, mainly: (1) Small size standard The mechanical size of the PC104 module is 3.6 inches × 3.8 inches, that is, 96 mm × 90 mm. (2) Stacked connection: The bus base plate and the slide rail are removed. The bus is connected in the form of "pins" and "holes". That is, the connection between the PC104 bus modules is that the upper pins and the lower holes are connected to each other. This stacked packaging has excellent shock resistance. (3) Reduce bus drive current: Reduce the number of components and power consumption. A 4 mA bus drive can make the module work normally. The power consumption of each module is about 1 to 2 W. 3. System overall design 3.1 Hardware circuit design: This part includes the PC104 CPU module. The main components of the module are CPU chip, DRAM memory, parallel port, serial port, on-board solid-state drive that supports reading and writing, watchdog and real-time clock, etc. In addition, there are I/O module, A/D module, LCD display module, keyboard input module and print output module. The system is designed with a base plate, on which the PC104 bus is laid. Then the PC104 CPU module, I/O module, A/D module and other modules are connected in a stacked manner to form a complete hardware system. The characteristics of this method are: it inserts an embedded computer into a specific I/O port instead of the previous method of inserting an I/O expansion board into the computer, thus embodying the design methodology of embedded systems. 3.2 Software Design: Because the PC104 CPU module supports read/write solid-state drives, replacing conventional disk drives with semiconductor storage devices can significantly improve system reliability and reduce power consumption and cost. In this system, based on the characteristics of solid-state drives, the operating system software uses DOS 6.22, with Tubor C 2.0 as the development environment, and the application program is implemented using a combination of C and assembly languages. 4. Conclusion: Due to the high integration and modularity of the PC104, it has certain advantages over other development models in terms of development cycle and development tools, and also provides a convenient embedded platform for temperature control systems. Users can implement different control algorithms to meet different control systems and requirements.