The main transmission structure of a planetary gear reducer consists of planetary gears, a sun gear, and an external gear ring.
Due to structural reasons, the minimum deceleration of a single stage in a planetary gear reducer is 3, and the maximum deceleration is usually no more than 10, with a total deceleration of 3.4, 5.6, 8.10. Typically, a series of gearboxes does not exceed 3 stages, but some large gearboxes have 4 stages as a separate gearbox.
Compared with other gearboxes, planetary gears are characterized by high rigidity, high precision (the first stage can achieve the same precision as the second stage), high transmission efficiency (the first stage can reach 97.98%), high torque-to-volume ratio, and no lifetime maintenance.
Due to these characteristics, most planetary gearboxes are mounted on stepper motors and servo motors to reduce speed, increase torque, and adjust inertia.
The maximum rated input speed of the reducer can reach 18,000 rpm (the larger the reducer, the lower the rated input speed relative to its size). The output torque of industrial planetary gearboxes generally does not exceed 2000 Nm, while special high-torsion planetary gearboxes can reach over 1000 Nm. The operating temperature is typically between -25°C and 100°C. The operating temperature can be adjusted by changing the lubricating grease.
Planetary gear reducers have several concepts:
Number of stages: The number of planetary gears. Sometimes two or three gear sets are needed to meet the requirements of higher transmission ratios, because a single gear set cannot meet the requirements of a higher transmission ratio. If the number of planets increases, the length of the second or third stage reducer increases, and the efficiency decreases.
Return gap: When the output is fixed, rotating the input clockwise and counterclockwise results in a torque output of ±2% of the nominal torque, causing a small angular offset in the reducer input. This means a game reset. The unit is "minutes," or 16 degrees. It is also known as the back release mechanism.
Planetary gearboxes are a widely used industrial product. Their performance is comparable to other military gearboxes, but their price is that of industrial products, and they are widely used in industrial environments.
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