1. Store lithium-ion batteries at a suitable temperature.
The typical storage temperature range for lithium-ion batteries in a home or storage unit is generally considered a safe storage temperature range for lithium batteries. This safe storage temperature range is quite wide, as shown in the figure below.
Storage time, storage temperature range, storage humidity range
1 month -20℃ to 45℃ 65±20%RH
3 months -20℃ to 35℃ 65±20%RH
1 year -20℃ to 25℃ 65±20%RH
However, extreme weather conditions can lead to problems such as shortened battery life. If you live in a very cold or very hot place, avoid storing lithium-ion batteries in outdoor sheds without proper precautions such as using additional insulation, heating pads, or cooling devices. These types of temperature fluctuations can cause the battery to expand and contract, resulting in reduced battery capacity and potential damage.
2. Take precautions for long-term storage.
Avoid storing lithium batteries for extended periods without use. If prolonged storage (more than 6 months) is unavoidable, charge them to 50%-70% capacity, remove them from the instrument, and store them in a dry, cool environment. Charge the batteries every 3 months to prevent irreversible capacity loss due to self-discharge caused by prolonged storage.
3. Adjust humidity
The optimal humidity level for safe storage of lithium-ion batteries is 65±20%RH. When humidity is too low, dew in the air can cause the battery terminals to rust, leading to short circuits or even fires. To reduce humidity, desiccants can be used or the batteries can be stored in their packaging.
4. Stores power at optimal levels
When a lithium-ion battery is fully charged, it operates at a higher voltage, which puts stress on the battery and shortens its overall lifespan. On the other hand, undercharging before storage can lead to deep discharge, causing serious damage. Lithium-ion batteries discharge more slowly during optimal partial charging, thus extending their lifespan. Ideally, the battery charge should be kept between 40% and 50% during storage.
5. Precautions for storing lithium batteries
Lithium batteries should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated environment. Excessive humidity can cause chemical reactions inside the battery, damaging its performance and even posing a danger. Therefore, it is best to store lithium batteries in an environment with a relative humidity below 80% and avoid exposing them to humid conditions.
Lithium batteries should be stored within a certain temperature range. Generally, the optimal storage temperature range for lithium batteries is 0°C to 25°C. Within this temperature range, the battery's self-discharge rate is slow, effectively extending its lifespan. If the temperature is too high or too low, the battery's performance and lifespan will be affected. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, avoid exposing them to extreme temperatures, such as placing them in high-temperature, direct sunlight or cold environments.
Lithium batteries should be kept away from fire sources and flammable materials. Lithium batteries may experience thermal runaway when exposed to external heat sources, potentially leading to a fire. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, they should be kept away from open flames, high-temperature objects, and flammable materials to ensure a safe storage environment.
Lithium batteries should be protected from severe physical impacts or vibrations. Because the chemicals inside lithium batteries are quite sensitive, severe impacts or vibrations can damage the battery, or even cause leaks or explosions. Therefore, lithium batteries should be stored in a fixed location, away from external forces.
The storage time of lithium batteries also needs attention. Lithium batteries that are not used for a long time may experience self-discharge, leading to a decrease in battery capacity. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, the battery level should be checked regularly and they should be recharged appropriately to maintain their performance.
Lithium batteries should be stored with precautions against theft and moisture. In certain situations, such as long-term storage in warehouses or during sea transport, lithium batteries may face the risk of theft or moisture damage. Therefore, when storing lithium batteries, a safe and reliable storage location should be chosen, and appropriate anti-theft and moisture-proof measures should be taken to ensure the safety and performance of the batteries.
The storage environment requirements for lithium batteries include dryness and ventilation, a suitable temperature range, keeping them away from fire sources and flammable materials, avoiding severe impacts or vibrations, paying attention to storage time, and preventing theft and moisture. Only when these requirements are met can lithium batteries maintain good performance and safety. Therefore, we should pay special attention to these environmental requirements when using and storing lithium batteries in daily life to ensure the normal operation and use of the batteries.
