Abstract: In the plasma pyrolysis coal-to-acetylene experiment, real-time acquisition, display, storage, and control of various parameters of the system are crucial. This paper describes the overall design scheme, hardware configuration structure, and software design method of the data acquisition and control system based on the Compact PCI bus. Keywords: Plasma pyrolysis coal-to-acetylene; Compact PCI bus; Data acquisition and control 1 Introduction Acetylene is an important basic organic chemical raw material. Its industrial production uses the methane partial oxidation method and the calcium carbide hydrolysis method, both of which have significant drawbacks. Scientific research has confirmed that the process of directly producing acetylene from coal by pyrolysis in argon and hydrogen plasma is technically reasonable and economically superior to the methane partial oxidation method. China is a country with scarce oil and gas resources but relatively abundant coal resources. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research on the plasma coal pyrolysis process technology and industrialize it. The purpose of the monitoring system is to ensure the normal and safe operation of the 2MW plasma pyrolysis coal-to-acetylene pilot plant. The main technical challenge lies in the fact that the plasma pyrolysis coal-to-acetylene pilot plant is a millisecond-level reactor, and the reaction process must operate under extremely stable conditions. Therefore, the monitoring system must also possess sufficiently high stability to meet the requirements of the plant. For details, please click: Design of a Monitoring System Based on Compact PCI Bus