Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a crucial role in personnel positioning and environmental monitoring in coal mines. In WSNs, node energy consumption is a key factor determining the entire network lifespan. This paper first constructs a node system for a WSN, then analyzes the hardware energy consumption of the nodes and the network system energy consumption. A random wake-up mechanism energy consumption model suitable for WSNs is established, and the model is simulated and compared with the energy consumption of a network based on the LEACH clustering algorithm. The results show that the proposed model has lower energy consumption and is more suitable for the requirements of coal mines. Keywords: Wireless sensor network; Node; CC2430; Energy consumption 1. Introduction Wireless sensor networks are an emerging research field integrating microelectronic systems, low-power, highly integrated digital electronic components, embedded computing, wireless communication, and distributed data processing technologies. WSNs can monitor, sense, and collect information about various environments or monitored objects within the network's distribution area in real time based on deployed nodes, and process this information to obtain detailed and accurate environmental information. Due to their small size, sensor nodes are generally battery-powered, which objectively presents several challenges, including limited processing and storage capacity, limited communication range, and limited energy. Among these, energy consumption is the most critical, affecting not only the node's own operating time and network reliability but also the entire network's lifespan. Therefore, research on node energy conservation has become a hot topic in wireless sensor networks. While some research has been conducted both domestically and internationally on the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks, most efforts have focused on reducing energy consumption by proposing suitable MAC protocols or energy-saving routing mechanisms. For example, one paper proposes a MAC protocol that allows sensor nodes to periodically enter a sleep state; other papers propose full-duty-cycle power control protocols and non-duty-cycle power control protocols, respectively. The drawbacks of these two protocols are that the former consumes a large amount of energy in idle listening mode when network communication rates are low, while the latter may cause significant communication delays. Therefore, to date, there is no energy consumption research suitable for the random wake-up mode. This paper addresses this deficiency by first designing low-power sensor nodes and then analyzing the energy consumption of the wireless network composed of these nodes in a random wake-up operating state. Download the full text of the energy consumption analysis of the wireless sensor network node system in the mine.