Abstract This paper describes some new equipment and technologies for vibration testing in engineering blasting. Taking the practical application of blasting vibration testing products from Sichuan Top Measurement & Control Technology Co., Ltd. in engineering blasting testing as an example, it discusses the functional characteristics and working principles of various new equipment and technologies. This series of testing equipment has the following main features: intelligent, portable, large capacity, convenient and flexible parameter settings, and complete data post-processing functions, and has achieved good results in actual monitoring of engineering blasting. Keywords Engineering blasting vibration testing, portable, intelligent, data acquisition. [b]1. Introduction[/b] With the continuous and rapid development of China's economy, more and more blasting projects and blasting experiments are being carried out in cities and places with important engineering buildings. Because the hazards caused by the vibration generated by blasting are quite prominent, the impact of blasting vibration on buildings has received more attention. Currently, there are many types of vibration testing instruments in China, and engineering monitoring has achieved varying degrees of intelligent testing. For various complex situations in blasting, new vibration measuring equipment has adopted a series of new technologies, achieving more accurate and convenient vibration measurement and analysis. 2. Features and Technologies of New Vibration Meters 2.1 Higher Resolution The resolution of a vibration meter is a crucial indicator of its accuracy. Higher resolution reduces the instrument's quantization error, improves the signal-to-noise ratio under the same manufacturing process, and enhances linearity, resulting in smaller system errors at the vibration meter level and more accurate data. Sichuan Top Measurement & Control's vibration measurement series products, such as UBOX-5016, UBOX-20016, PCBOX-10016, and UDAQ-10016, all employ 16-bit resolution, with DC accuracy controlled within 0.2%, far less than sensor errors. 2.2 Simultaneous Measurement of Multiple Parameters The quantities requiring testing in blasting engineering are increasing, and different sensors are needed for various parameters. Monitoring personnel often prefer a single instrument to solve all measurement problems. Therefore, equipment based on a virtual instrument platform offers greater versatility and advantages compared to dedicated equipment. It can be equipped with different sensors to form a comprehensive multi-parameter testing system and is also a future-oriented testing instrument capable of handling potential new testing tasks. 2.3 Multiple Reliable Triggering Methods In vibration measurement experiments, due to the non-reproducibility of signals, capturing the signal in one go is crucial. As an automatic recording vibration meter, it needs multiple reliable triggering methods for different testing environments. Internal Triggering: This method triggers when the signal value reaches a certain condition. Typically, a trigger threshold, such as a certain level value, is set for a channel, along with conditions for increasing or decreasing the vibration waveform, such as rising or falling edges, forming a trigger judgment, thus initiating recording. Newer vibration measurement devices, such as the UBOX5016, allow all channels to be set to trigger simultaneously, increasing the number of set level values ​​to two. The triggering logic has also been expanded from a single rising or falling edge to simultaneous rising and falling edges, ensuring reliable triggering regardless of whether the signal changes in the positive or negative direction. External Triggering: This method uses an externally input signal (such as a detonator switch) as the trigger standard. Recording begins immediately upon signal arrival. It is often divided into on/off triggering or level rise/fall triggering. Timed Trigger: Based on the device's internal time or GPS standard time, a specific time is set, and the device automatically records when that time is reached. 2.4 Floating-Point Amplification and Acquisition of Signals: Due to the uncertainty of signal magnitude before measurement, fixed range measurement has limitations when measuring vibration. New vibration measuring equipment incorporates floating-point amplification functionality. By pre-enabling the floating-point function, the device automatically adjusts the range based on the actual measured signal magnitude, effectively avoiding waveform clipping due to range limitations, ensuring data integrity, and simplifying measurement operations, making it more intelligent and user-friendly. 2.5 Flexible Parameter Setting: The complexity of blasting sites means that pre-set parameters may not be entirely suitable. Therefore, flexible on-site parameter setting of the vibration meter is necessary. On-site parameter adjustments may involve several items or a complete set of parameters. Adjustment can be performed via computer connection or independently. Taking the UBOX-5016 as an example, the device itself can store four sets of acquisition parameters, supports one-click recall, and is simple and reliable to operate. Parameter settings can also be adjusted by connecting a laptop on-site or using a PDA. It also supports wireless transmission, allowing remote parameter settings and remote control of acquisition when connected to a wireless module. 2.6 Multi-segment recording and expandable ultra-large capacity: Interference and noise signals in actual measurement environments often cause false triggering. If there is only one trigger point, false triggering will cause the device to stop recording when the actual blasting vibration signal arrives, thus failing to acquire the true signal. A solution is to divide the recording into multiple segments within the acquisition length, with each segment's starting point meeting the trigger condition. This setting ensures that even if several segments are falsely triggered in the presence of interference, the remaining recording segments can still completely record the waveform of the actual vibration signal. Furthermore, since some vibration monitoring requires long-term, uninterrupted operation, such as once a month, the required acquisition capacity is very large, potentially reaching hundreds of gigabytes. In such cases, a single storage unit of the vibration measurement device may not be sufficient, making capacity expansion essential. Devices like the UBOX-5016, UBOX-20016, UDAQ-10016, and PCBOX support real-time data storage, allowing for synchronous real-time signal recording. They offer ultra-large capacity, limited only by the hard drive capacity of the extended computer, which is now generally quite large, thus meeting the requirements for long-term monitoring tasks. 2.7 Multiple Power Supply Options Vibration measuring equipment is typically used at blasting sites, so in this operating mode, it is primarily powered by its own batteries. Ordinary dry-cell batteries have limited capacity and are cumbersome to replace, and are gradually being replaced by rechargeable batteries. Regarding power supply, we follow more economical and convenient principles, prioritizing external power sources such as DC power or USB power, and only using battery power when AC power is unavailable. Furthermore, when using battery power, a drop in battery voltage can affect vibration measurement accuracy. A very low voltage drop can affect the normal operation of the instrument. Therefore, to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results, a suitable low-voltage indicator is generally required. 2.8 Improved Data Post-processing and Analysis Prediction Data post-processing requires professionalism, standardization, and compliance with relevant national regulations and standards, while also considering ease of use and simplicity of operation. Taking Top Measurement & Control's blasting-specific software BM View as an example, this software not only realizes basic functions such as hardware control, waveform display, data storage, and data output, but also optimizes data post-processing and analysis based on the characteristics of blasting vibration measurement and the requirements of blasting safety regulations. Examples include automatic analysis and acquisition of the dominant vibration frequency, automatic acquisition of the maximum vibration velocity, project-based data management, first derivative and integral calculus of waveforms, vector synthesis, amplitude and power spectrum, V-ρ diagram, and automatic generation of complete reports. Regarding blasting analysis and prediction, it can predict vibration velocity, safety distance, and charge amount based on theoretical K and α values ​​input using the Sadovsky formula, thereby designing blasting schemes. Alternatively, it can calculate actual K and α values ​​using measured data, perform relevant monitoring and calculations, adjust relevant blasting parameters, and ensure the safety of surrounding buildings. 3 Application Case Project: Actual monitoring of the impact of vibration from multiple blasting operations on surrounding buildings in a certain project. Monitoring points: The main monitoring points are distributed within a range of 100-150m from the blast center, including schools, factories, residential buildings, etc. There is also a key laboratory that needs long-term monitoring during construction, for a total of 5 monitoring points; Monitoring quantities: Mainly vibration velocity and vibration acceleration as reference; Safe vibration velocity: The main structure is a concrete structure, and the lower limit of safe vibration velocity is taken as 3cm/s; Selected monitoring equipment: UBOX-5016 and matching velocity sensor, acceleration sensor and constant current source equipment connection diagram is as follows: Figure (1) Figure (1) UBOX-5016 and matching velocity sensor, acceleration sensor and constant current source equipment connection diagram Prediction of vibration velocity and safe charge amount: According to the geological conditions of the site and the blasting safety regulations, the theoretical predicted K and α values ​​are taken as 300, 1.9, and ρ=Q1/3/R is taken as 0.01 to 0.1. Using the vibration velocity prediction function of the dedicated analysis software in BM View, the corresponding v-ρ curve was obtained: (Figure 2) Figure (2) v-ρ curve prediction diagram of safe charge amount: see Figure (3) Figure (3) prediction diagram of safe charge amount When the distance R=100m, the charge amount Q=695Kg, the vibration velocity is 3cm/s; Actual measurement results: In the actual blasting process, the charge amount is controlled at about 600 Kg. Some data: Maximum vibration velocity 1.445cm/s, main vibration frequency 15.25Hz; The measured K and α values ​​are 211 and 1.94, which are about different from the theoretical values; Real-time monitoring part: After the UBOX vibration meter is connected and started for real-time monitoring, no one is on duty. During the entire construction process, more than ten blasts were carried out, and the construction period lasted for about 1 week. All blasts were fully recorded. The maximum vibration velocity was within the safe range, and the test data was complete and accurate. 4. Conclusion The equipment and technology for blasting vibration measurement are increasingly developing towards intelligence and user-friendliness. The adoption of various new technologies has made the monitoring of blasting vibration more accurate and convenient. Vibration measurement equipment based on virtual instrument platforms is also constantly evolving, taking into account more practical measurement factors. Combined with the flexibility and powerful functionality of its software, it possesses advantages of practicality, reliability, accuracy, and convenience, and has been widely and successfully applied in testing fields across various industries. References: GB6722-2003 Blasting Safety Regulations, Meng Jifu et al., Blasting Testing Technology, Metallurgical Industry Press