[Abstract] This article mainly introduces the application of parallel control of Delta IED elevator integrated machine.
【Abstract】This article introduces mainly about the parallel control of Delta's IED elevator integrated machine.
[Keywords] Integrated IED elevator machine; parallel control; scheduling algorithm
【Keywords】IED elevator integrated machine;parallel control;scheduling algorithm
In some high-rise buildings, due to high passenger flow, two elevators often need to be used simultaneously in a certain area. If the two elevators operate as single elevators, passengers waiting on a floor will call both elevators simultaneously, taking whichever arrives first. This results in two elevators responding to a single call signal, inevitably causing one elevator to make an empty trip, reducing elevator efficiency and increasing operating costs. Therefore, a communication module and cables are used to connect the two elevators, and the parallel scheduling principle is applied to the elevator control system to unify the operation of both elevators. However, the current parallel scheduling principle is far from perfect. In actual operation of parallel elevators, problems that do not conform to the optimal scheduling principle frequently occur. The main reason for this is that the depth and breadth of the requirements analysis research at the initial design stage of the parallel scheduling principle are insufficient, and many factors have not been considered. For example, the current parallel scheduling principle always assumes that one elevator is a "busy elevator" and the other is an "idle elevator," thus revealing many loopholes in the requirements analysis. To address the above issues, Delta's IED elevator integrated machine refines the scheduling principles by combining them with the principles of elevator operation, achieving more optimized parallel control of elevators.
Based on its own R&D capabilities and in-depth research on the elevator industry, Delta has launched an integrated elevator driver based on a single chip, changing Delta's situation of only having elevator drivers as a single product. Delta's integrated elevator IED uses a single chip to integrate elevator drive functions and host computer control, which not only greatly reduces the control delay caused by communication between multiple MCUs and communication failures caused by external interference, but also greatly reduces costs, greatly improving the product competitiveness of elevator manufacturers.
1. Delta Elevator Overall Solution
The IED, car top panel, instruction panel, and call panel constitute the entire elevator control system. Figure 1 shows Delta's comprehensive and perfect solution for the elevator industry.
Figure 1. Delta elevator system diagram
Meanwhile, the IED elevator integrated system, together with Delta's VFD-DD door operator control and Delta's AFE2000 energy recovery unit, forms a perfect overall elevator solution.
2 IED Basic Architecture
The IED integrates drive and host computer control, simplifying wiring. Shaft signals are directly connected to the IED's MI port. The car top board connects to the IED via CAN and simultaneously collects control signals for the car doors. The command board connects to the car top board via Modbus; one command board can connect to commands for 16 floors. Therefore, for higher floors, cascading can be performed via the command board's CN2 port, allowing the IED to control up to 48 floors. The basic architecture of the IED is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Basic architecture of IED
3 IED Debugging Process
Integrated centralized control makes IED commissioning relatively simple and easy to understand. Before powering on for commissioning, first confirm that the power cord, motor cord, and external signal lines are correctly connected. The entire commissioning process begins with motor parameter self-learning. Before self-learning, you must correctly input the motor parameters such as power, rated current, speed, number of motor poles, rated frequency, and rated voltage. Then, the motor parameters are automatically measured. IED can drive synchronous and asynchronous traction machines. IED not only supports commonly used encoders in the elevator industry such as Heidenhain ERN1387 and ECN1313, but also other commonly used encoders such as ABZ and other sine and cosine encoders.
After the motor parameters have completed self-learning, the leveling signal, limit switch, and deceleration signals within the hoistway are checked for normality through maintenance operation. Once everything is normal, hoistway signal self-learning can proceed, allowing the IED to obtain elevator floor information. Then, high-speed testing can be performed. During comfort testing, the Response Speed (ASR) bandwidth at acceleration, deceleration, zero speed, low speed, and high speed is adjusted to obtain the optimal elevator ride experience. The IED testing process is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of IED notification process
4 IED Parallel Control
The IED only requires three RS485 communication lines to connect and two sets of parameters to achieve parallel control of two elevators. After connecting the communication lines of elevators A and B in parallel, the parameters need to be set as shown in Table 1.
Among them, 08-08 is the group control quantity setting. When controlling in parallel, it should be set to 2, that is, the group control quantity is 2; 08-09 is the elevator number setting parameter. For example, if the main elevator is set to 1, then the other one is set to 2; 08-10 is the parallel control function option. When set to 1, it is parallel control, and when set to 0, it is single elevator operation. After setting the above parameters, the parallel control of two elevators can be performed.
5 Parallel Scheduling Algorithm
Common elevator parallel scheduling algorithms generally adopt the logic of busy and idle elevators. This parallel control principle always assumes that one elevator is a "busy elevator" and the other is an "idle elevator," thus creating many loopholes in requirements analysis. Delta, with its in-depth industry research and strong technological R&D capabilities, has adopted a parallel control logic based on the shortest response time, achieving better parallel control functionality for IEDs.
5.1 Traditional Parallel Control
(1) When both ladders are at the base station, the ladder that arrives at the base station first responds, and this ladder is defined as the busy ladder.
(2) This algorithm is simple and easy to implement in software, but its efficiency is relatively low. Delta IED can improve response efficiency and shorten waiting time by judging the time required for the elevator to respond to external call commands in different states. Traditional parallel control is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 Traditional parallel control
5.2 IED Parallel Control Process
The parallel control flow of IEDs is shown in Figure 5.
6 Practical Applications of IED Parallel Control
The Delta No. 2 dormitory building has two elevators with six floors and six stops. The two elevators are controlled in parallel and use a controller system from a certain brand. Due to frequent problems, the system was upgraded to a Delta IED system. The upgrade was successfully achieved through simple wiring modifications.
Figure 6. Photos of the on-site renovation
Figure 7 On-site test monitoring
Figure 8 Test monitoring screen
On-site, IEDsoft, a dedicated IED debugging software, was used to monitor both elevators in parallel. IEDsoft is a debugging and monitoring software designed for standalone IEDs; however, by opening two IEDsoft pages on a single PC, the operating status of both IEDs can be monitored simultaneously. With elevator A on the 3rd floor and elevator B on the 5th floor, pressing the call button for elevator B on the 2nd floor triggers a parallel scheduling algorithm, which dispatches elevator A, which is closer to the 2nd floor, to respond. This verifies the parallel control function of the IEDs.
7. Summary
With its strong technological R&D capabilities and in-depth understanding of the elevator industry, Delta has not only launched a perfect integrated elevator solution that combines drive and host computer control, but also excels in elevator control. In terms of elevator parallel control, it has abandoned the traditional and outdated control logic and adopted a parallel scheduling algorithm with the shortest response time that it independently developed, which greatly improves the efficiency of elevator operation.
Through on-site modification and application verification, the IED's simple debugging, complete functions, superior parallel control, and stable operation have earned high praise from users.
