I. Overview
With the continuous development of social, economic, and cultural life, public services and public safety have become crucial tasks for government departments and various industries. Improving the government's and various industries' ability to respond quickly to emergencies and mitigate risks, and building a rescue command system to provide the public with faster emergency assistance services, has become an urgent social issue. The ability to efficiently command and dispatch resources on-site for major emergencies has become one of the important indicators of modern management.
With urban development, there is a clear trend of toxic, harmful, flammable, and explosive hazards spreading throughout the city, leading to frequent major disasters such as fires, explosions, and toxic leaks, seriously endangering urban safety. For the sake of urban safety, the control and management of major urban hazards must be given high priority.
Hazardous sources refer to facilities or equipment required in industrial production processes and possessed in various production sites, such as tank farms, storage areas, and production sites. These sources contain various flammable, explosive, and toxic hazardous substances, posing a significant threat to safe production and personal safety. Their characteristic parameters are the main parameters that the major hazard source monitoring and early warning system focuses on. By collecting data from these parameters and converting them into signals that can be recognized by computers, the system enables computer-based detection, monitoring, early warning, and control of major hazard sources, preventing major accidents and achieving the goal of safe production.
II. System Architecture Design: In industries such as combustible gas, hazardous chemicals, solid waste, and hazardous equipment, the system provides real-time monitoring of the operation and management status of major hazard sources and other high-risk locations and equipment. This enhances the daily supervision, risk management, forecasting, early warning, and emergency response capabilities of safety supervision departments and related units, effectively reduces the accident rate, and provides services for city leaders to grasp the overall safety situation in the city.
From the government's perspective :
◆ This system enables safety supervision departments at all levels to comprehensively, accurately, and quickly grasp the real-time production status of production enterprises.
◆ This system can help safety supervision departments at all levels to fully grasp the safety production situation of each production enterprise under their supervision, such as the basic information of each enterprise, the situation of major hazard sources, emergency plans, standard requirements in the production process, and the supervision status of safety personnel, so as to realize the safety supervision of enterprises.
◆ This system can help safety supervision departments at all levels monitor the detailed production status and location distribution of various major hazard sources.
From a corporate perspective:
◆ It can monitor and record video of personnel and operational processes in various key positions related to safe production.
◆ Monitor important data (such as toxic gas concentration, temperature, and pressure) in various places involving safe production workshops, warehouses, etc., and issue an alarm when the limits are exceeded.
◆ It can distribute and submit internal safety management documents and information online.
◆ It can monitor and record video of hazardous chemical storage tank areas, warehouses, etc.
◆ Through the internet, such as computers and mobile phones, enterprise managers can conduct real-time on-site monitoring of key departments of their enterprise and issue relevant instructions, regardless of their location.
The overall system framework is as follows:
2.1 Hazardous Source Data Center Management Platform Design The hazardous source management system is logically divided into a data acquisition layer, a data management layer, and a function implementation layer. The data acquisition layer is the foundational layer of the software system, primarily responsible for collecting various data information, including real-time information from each monitoring point of the hazardous source, hazard source geographic information (GIS), and massive amounts of alarm information. Therefore, it places high demands on the software platform.
◆Integration with various management information platforms:
The project requires the hazard source management system to be fully integrated with systems such as ERP, equipment diagnostics, GIS, video surveillance, and emergency command.
◆Enterprise Information Security:
This project ensures that the integrated automation control system is secure and undisturbed while sharing data between the production management network and the office network.
◆System scalability:
The system has good scalability, leaving ample room for future expansion.
The hazard monitoring and management system requires a high-performance, high-throughput, highly reliable, and cross-platform real-time/historical database system. This system boasts powerful functionality and flexibility, perfectly combining with the high timeliness and high compression ratio of a real-time system to achieve seamless integration of hazard management with the factory site.
The enterprise-grade real-time historical database provides basic real-time data information for urban emergency command systems with perfect support for multiple platforms, a fully distributed architecture, and rich enterprise-grade applications. It can provide a full range of industrial communication interfaces and information business interfaces to improve the management level of smart cities.
2.2 Hazard Source Data Acquisition Network Design To ensure the integration of underlying data and rapid communication, a flexible network architecture needs to be established.
(1) Collect data on instruments and meters from different manufacturers and summarize the data.
(2) Supports multiple network architectures, including GPRS network, VPN, Ethernet, bus, etc.
(3) Data can be forwarded to the superior scheduling and monitoring system using a unified protocol.
(4) The on-site environment is harsh and the communication system supports unattended operation.
(5) The hazardous sources are widely distributed, and maintenance personnel can perform remote configuration, remote monitoring and remote diagnosis.
(6) There are many devices and the system supports massive communication.
III. System Platform Selection
3.1 Selection of Hazardous Source Data Center Management Platform: Based on the solution design and requirements analysis, the recommended software platform for urban hazardous source monitoring is ForceControl's enterprise-level real-time historical database pSpace. This is a high-performance, high-throughput, highly reliable, cross-platform real-time/historical database system, and it also has the following characteristics:
1. Massive data storage, with a single node supporting millions of monitoring points, suitable for environments with many urban hazardous source monitoring points, and centralized management for the wide distribution of hazardous sources.
2. Abundant device acquisition interfaces, supporting mainstream DCS, PLC, DDC, fieldbus, smart instruments and other devices, and providing driver customization, suitable for situations where there are many types of instruments for on-site hazard source monitoring.
3. Seamless integration with GIS systems enables rapid location of hazard sources through hazard monitoring for response and handling.
4. Supports online variable configuration to meet the need to add hazard source monitoring points on site at any time.
5. Supports automatic device addition. Instrument manufacturers can automatically add new devices and their corresponding variables by connecting them to the network through agreed protocols, without the need for manual operation.
6. Supports a wide range of wireless communication platforms, enabling wireless data transmission between multiple devices.
7. Phi features rich data interfaces. It is a tool used to transfer data between the pSpace real-time database and relational database. It can easily perform statistics on data in pSpace and transfer it to the relational database, thereby reducing the pressure on pSpace performance caused by historical queries and providing a new entry point for querying historical data for upper-level analysis functions. The statistically processed data can be more easily used by upper-level applications.
3.2 The selection of network equipment for hazard source monitoring is based on network communication design. It is recommended to use the ForceControl data acquisition gateway pFieldComm.
This device can achieve mutual conversion between serial ports (including RS232, RS485, RS422, etc.), Ethernet, and various fieldbuses (including CAN, LonWorks, Profibus, etc.) at the communication protocol level, enabling real-time data exchange with other devices or dispatching systems. The pFieldComm data acquisition gateway employs a high-performance embedded computing platform with built-in communication acquisition protocol libraries and forwarding protocols. It can acquire data from multiple different subsystems, perform centralized data aggregation, classification, and preprocessing, and forward data to multiple higher-level dispatching and other platform systems.
For monitoring urban hazardous sources, it has the following characteristics:
1. The hardware adopts a low-power, fanless design, which is suitable for harsh on-site environments and supports unattended operation.
2. The hardware has the function of remote maintenance and deployment.
3. It has multiple industrial communication protocol driver interfaces to choose from.
4. Supports disconnection caching and redundancy functions.
IV. System Function Demonstration
4.1 The real-time equipment monitoring system can monitor the equipment status in real time and query process parameters.
4.2 The alarm management system can display and record various alarm information of on-site hazard source parameters in real time, and can also send alarm content to the corresponding personnel via email, SMS and other means.
4.3 Trend Curves and Reports provide the ability to query real-time historical curves for any variable, as well as historical data reports for any time period.
4.4 Log query unifies the management of status information and related communication information of various components. Users can understand the software's operation status and operation records through the logs.
4.5 The system has a self-diagnostic function with automatic fault diagnosis and recovery during communication.
4.4 Log query unifies the management of status information and related communication information of various components. Users can understand the software's operation status and operation records through the logs.
4.5 The system has a self-diagnostic function with automatic fault diagnosis and recovery during communication.
4.6 Integration with GIS
Given the close correlation between urban hazard sources and geographical location, we will seamlessly integrate our data collection software series with the GIS system.
(1) A geographic information database of the company’s core pipeline network was established.
(2) Construct a system model of the distribution points of hazardous sources.
(3) Integrate information on the distribution of hazardous sources and enterprise information into the database.
(4) Provide high-quality database management, planning, pipeline engineering auxiliary design, accident handling, data query and analysis, input, editing and maintenance.
4.7 Integration with video: By combining real-time data collection from monitoring points with the monitoring points, the source of danger can be quickly located.
4.8 Interaction with Relational Databases: The monitoring center interacts with relational databases, which means that the data in the monitoring center is statistically analyzed and transferred to the relational database, and a new entry point for querying historical data is provided for upper-level analysis functions. The statistically analyzed data can be more easily used by upper-level applications.
V. Conclusion Through the products provided by Likong Technology, the monitoring and management platform can supervise the production and storage status of all hazardous chemical enterprises within its jurisdiction, and can also query all historical data of each enterprise. At the same time, leaders can implement and command the emergency response plan for major hazard sources through the network.
